Table 2.

Clinical information for olfactory function and cognitive abilities in men and women in relation to age.

	Women		Men
Parameters	18–35	36–> 55	18–35	36–> 55	p	Post Hoc
OT	7.6 ± 4.2	7.3 ± 4.4	8.6 ± 4.9	6.1 ± 4.2	0.007	j
OD	12.2 ± 1.8	11.3 ± 2.6	11.4 ± 2.3	11.4 ± 2.3	0.009	k
OI	13.1 ± 1.5	12.7 ± 2.3	13 ± 1.7	12.6 ± 2.2	0.172
TDI Score	32.9 ± 5	31.3 ± 7.1	33 ± 6.7	30.1 ± 6.3	0.005	l
OIS	6 ± 0.01	5.9 ± 0.1	6 ± 0.01	6 ± 0.01	0.385
AIS	8.4 ± 0.9	8.3 ± 1	8.5 ± 0.8	8.3 ± 1.1	0.251
LIS	5.5 ± 0.7	5.6 ± 0.7	5.6 ± 0.7	5.5 ± 0.7	0.317
VIS	6.8 ± 0.7	6.8 ± 0.6	6.7 ± 0.8	6.6 ± 0.7	0.623
MIS	3.7 ± 1.3	2.9 ± 1.5	3.3 ± 1.4	2.6 ± 1.7	0.0001	m; n
EIS	12.3 ± 1.1	12.2 ± 1.1	12.4 ± 1.1	12 ± 1.2	0.161

Legend: Data are expressed as mean value ± standard deviation. OT—odor threshold; OD—odor discrimination; OI—odor identification; TDI—threshold + discrimination + identification. Data are expressed as mean value ± standard deviation. OIS—Orientation Index Score; AIS—Attention Index Score; LIS—Language Index Score; VIS—Visuospatial Index Score; MIS—Memory Index Score; EIS—Executive Index Score. The p values < 0.05 are highlighted in bold; j = p < 0.05 in men between 18 and 35 versus 36 and >55; k = p < 0.05 in women between 18 and 35 versus 36 and >55 years; l = p < 0.05 between 18 and 35 (women) versus 36 and >55 years (men); m = p < 0.01 between 18 and 35 versus 36 and >55 years in women; n = p < 0.001 between 18 and 35 (women) versus 36 and >55 years (men); statistical differences were carried out using two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post hoc test.