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. 2024 Jun 27;13(7):773. doi: 10.3390/antiox13070773

Figure 7.

Figure 7

Seahorse XF real-time glycolysis stress test and extracellular lactate levels of VSMCs. (A) (left panel): Representative extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) profile (left panel); (right panel): Glycolytic bioenergetic parameters: basal glycolysis, glycolytic capacity and glycolytic reserve measured in VSMCs treated with TNFα ± DMF. (B) Relative levels of lactate in the culture supernatant of VSMCs treated for 4 and 24 h with TNFα ± DMF or DMF alone. All data shown are compiled from three independent experiments using four technical replicates per experiment per condition and normalized by protein content (two-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s post hoc against the control group: **** p < 0.0001; *** p < 0.001; ** p < 0.01).