Figure 3.

Ultrastructural changes of interstitium and glomeruli in PNx mice and effects of EV treatment. TEM representative images of interstitium and glomerulus of SHAM and PNx mice treated with vehicle alone or with dose 1, sacrificed 8 weeks after nephrectomy. Vehicle-treated PNx mice show increased ECM accumulation and monocyte infiltration with loss of peritubular capillaries, as well as glomerular alterations characterized by endothelial and epithelial injuries and effacement of podocytes. These alterations were less evident in sections from PNx mice treated with EVs (dose 1). Scale bars indicate the magnification. Abbreviation and symbols: TC = tubular cells; C = peritubular capillaries; * = monocytes and leukocytes; white arrow = extracellular matrix accumulation; GC = glomerular capillaries; P = podocytes; E = glomerular endothelial cells; head arrows = podocyte effacement; black arrows = necrotic podocytes and endothelial cells.