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. 2024 Jul 11;13(14):1184. doi: 10.3390/cells13141184

Figure 6.

Figure 6

ALA prevented the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in cortical astrocytes in vitro. (a) The abundance of transcript coding C3, S100a10, Jak2, Stat3, Lcn2, TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the astrocytes in vitro. Bars represent mean target mRNA abundance relative to CycA (±SD) from n = 5 individual experiments. Significance shown inside the graphs: * p < 0.05 or less relative to Ctrl; # p < 0.05 or less relative to TMT. (b) Representative double immunofluorescence labeling directed to C3 (red)/GFAP (green) and iNOS (red)/GFAP (green) in control astrocytes (Ctrl), astrocytes pretreated with 50 μM α-linolenic acid (ALA), astrocytes treated with 5 μM trimethyltin (TMT) for 24 h, and astrocytes treated with 50 μM ALA+5 µM TMT (ALA+TMT). Cell nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar: 50 μm.