Table 1.
Baseline alcohol and substance use data of individuals who currently smoke compared to those who do not, who were recruited from 12 Primary Care Clinics in Houston, Texas, USA, between 2011 and 2013 for a randomized controlled trial testing an intervention to reduce substance-exposed pregnancies (N=261)
| Current smoking (N=118) Mean ± SD | Non-smoking (N=143) Mean ± SD | |
|---|---|---|
| Drinking days per week | 3.3 ± 2.0** | 2.7 ± 1.8 |
| Drinks/day on drinking days | 5.8 ± 4.2 | 4.9 ± 4.2 |
| ≥4 drinks/day (past 90 days) | 19.8 ± 24.7 | 16.6 ± 24.3 |
| Greatest number of drinks in one day | 10.1 ± 7.1* | 8.2 ± 5.3 |
| Importance: Drink less than riskya | 6.0 ± 3.2 | 6.6 ± 2.8 |
| Readiness: Drink less than riskya | 6.7 ± 3.2 | 6.3 ± 2.8 |
| Confidence: Drink less than riskya | 6.3 ± 3.1*** | 7.4 ± 2.8 |
| Number of different drugs used in lifetime | 3.0 ± 2.0*** | 2.0 ± 1.5 |
| URICAb: Readiness reduce alcohol | 6.2 ± 3.0* | 5.2 ± 2.9 |
| Confidence to not drink alcohol | 2.8 ± 0.9** | 3.1 ± 1.0 |
| Temptation to drink alcohol | 3.0 ± 0.9** | 2.6 ± 0.9 |
| AUDIT total scores | 12.1 ± 7.6* | 9.8 ± 7.0 |
| BSI: Anxiety (raw scores) | 5.9 ± 5.6* | 4.5 ± 4.9 |
| BSI: Depression (raw scores) | 6.8 ± 6.1 | 5.7 ± 5.5 |
| BSI: Somatization (raw scores) | 4.9 ± 4.8 | 4.1 ± 4.0 |
Raw scores are reported in this table for BSI subscales. PROC GLM (SAS, 9.4) was used to make all comparisons reported in this table and comparisons were evaluated at the p=0.05 level (2-tailed). AUDIT: alcohol use disorders identification test. BSI: brief symptom inventory. URICA: University of Rhode Island Change Assessment scale.
Assessed via a 1–10 importance, confidence, readiness ruler to drink less than risky levels.
Sum score from URICA scale calculated as (contemplation + action + maintenance) - precontemplation; range of possible readiness scores is -2 to 14.
p<0.05.
p<0.01.
p<0.0001.