| APC | Adenomatosis Polyposis Coli |
| AIFM1 | Apoptosis-inducing factor mitochondria-associated 1 |
| AKT | Protein kinase B |
| CCA | Cholangiocellular carcinoma |
| DMSO | Dimethyl sulfoxide |
| ECC | Extrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma |
| EMT | Epithelial–mesenchymal transition |
| ERK | Extracellular signal-regulated kinase |
| FGFR2 | Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 |
| ICC | Intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma |
| IDH1 | Isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 |
| KRAS | Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog |
| MAPK | Mitogen-activated protein kinase |
| MEK | Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase |
| MLKL | Mixed Lineage Kinase Domain Like |
| mTOR | Mammalian target of rapamycin |
| PBS | Phosphate-buffered saline |
| PI3K | Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase |
| SMAD4 | Smad family member 4 |
| TP53 | Tumor protein P53 |