16HBE cells	Normal human bronchial epithelial cells
A549 cells	Human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cells
AHR	Aryl hydrocarbon receptor
AM	Alveolar macrophage
AMP	Adenosine 5′-monophosphate
AMPK	AMP-activated protein kinase
ANS	Autonomic nervous system
Apaf1	Apoptotic protease-activating factor-1
ARE	Antioxidant response element
BALF	Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
Bax	Bcl-2-associated X protein
Bcl-2	B-cell lymphoma 2
Beas-2b cells	Human normal lung epithelial cells
BRL-3A cells	Rat normal liver cells
Caco-2 cells	Human intestinal epithelial cells
CD36	Platelet glycoprotein 4
CNS	Central nervous system
COL I	Collagen I
CVD	Cardiovascular disease
Cyt C	Cytochrome C
EBf-H9 cells	Human embryonic stem cells
ECM	Extracellular matrix
EMT	Epithelial–mesenchymal transition
ER	Endoplasmic reticulum
ERK1	Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1
FDA	Food and Drug Administration
GSDMD	Gasdermin D
GSH	Glutathione
HaCaT cells	Human keratinocyte-forming cells
HEK-293 cells	Human embryonic renal cells
HepG2 cells	Human liver cancer cells
HK-2 cells	Human renal cortical proximal tubule epithelial cells
HL-7702 cells	Human normal liver cells
HRV	Heart rate variability
Hs-CRP	High-sensitivity C-reactive protein
HT-29 cells	Human intestinal epithelial cells
HTR-8/SVneo cells	Human chorionic trophoblast cells
HUVECs	Human umbilical vein endothelial cells
IARC	International Agency for Research on Cancer
IER	integrated exposure–response
IL-1β	Interleukin-1β
IL-6	Interleukin-6
iNOS	Inducible nitric oxide synthase
Keap1	Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1
LDH	Lactate dehydrogenase
MAPK	Mitogen-activated protein kinase
MDA	Malondialdehyde.
MMP	Mitochondrial membrane potential
MRC-5 cells	Human lung fibroblasts
M-SNPs	Mesoporous silica nanoparticles
mtROS	Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species
MTX	Methothexate
N2a cells	Mouse neuroblastoma cells
N9 cells	Microglia cells
NF-κB	Nuclear factor kappa-B
NO	Nitric oxide
NOX4	NADPH oxidase
Nrf2	NF-E2 p45-related factor 2
OELs	Occupational exposure limits
OSHA	Occupational Safety and Health Administration
p62	Sequestosome 1
PAHs	Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
PBEC	Primary human bronchial epithelial cells
PC-TWA	Permissible concentration time-weighted average
P-SNPs	PEGylated silica nanoparticles
RAW264.7	Mouse monocyte macrophages
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
SH-SY5Y	Human neuroblastoma cells
SPM	Suspended particulate matter
S-SNPs	Spherical silica nanoparticles
TGF-β1	Transforming growth factor 1
THP-1 cells	Human leukemia monocytic cells
TNF-α	Tumor necrosis factor α
VCAM-1	Vascular cell adhesion molecule-l
WHO	World Health Organization
Wnt	Wingless-type MMTV-integration site
α-SMA	α-smooth muscle actin