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. 2024 Jul 5;14(7):850. doi: 10.3390/life14070850

Figure 6.

Figure 6

The forest plot shows how laparoscopic surgery increases the risk of SSIs after colorectal resection. The red squares represent each study’s odds ratio (OR), with the size reflecting its meta-analysis weight. The 95% odds ratio CIs are horizontal lines next to the red squares. The diamond at the bottom of the plot shows the pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI, which summarizes the combined effect of all studies. Laparoscopy significantly reduces surgical site infections (SSIs). The OR was 0.70 (95% CI: 0.52–0.95), indicating a lower SSI risk. The I² score of 85% indicates significant heterogeneity among the analyzed studies [31,37,49].