Table 1.

Case series addressing surgical management of symptomatic LSC in the literature.

N. of Patients	Mean Age (Years)	M:F Ratio	Outcomes	Reference
15	66, 6	6:9	Excellent 10 Poor 5	Landi et al., 2012 [13]
21	54	14:7	Excellent 11 Good 5 Poor 5	Bashir and Ajani, 2012 [20]
167	63	77:90	117 good 28 poor 22 lost to follow up	Xu et al., 2010 [8]
46	73	17:29	Good 40 Poor 6	Weiner et al., 2007 [21,22]
80	68	41:39	Excellent 36 Poor 32 Recurrence 12	Epstein, 2004 [23]
46	63	8:38	28 Good 10 poor 8 lost to follow up	Pirotte et al., 2003 [24]
29	63	11:19	Excellent 18 Good 6 Lost to Follow Up 5	Banning et al., 2001 [25]
28	60,7	6:22	26 excellent/good 2 fair/poor	Salmon et al., 2001 [26]
19	65	12:7	Excellent 17 Good 2	Trummer et al., 2001 [27]
28	61	NA	Good 24 Recurrence 4	Howington et al., 1999 [4]
8	60	5:3	Excellent 5 Good 3	Jonsson et al., 1999 [28]
56	62,8	24:32	Excellent 40 Poor 16	Sabo et al., 1996 [6]
26	61	12:14	Excellent 15 Good 3 Poor 5	Freidberg et al., 1994 [29]

Excellent: no recurrence at last follow-up, clinic improved by 90%; Good: no recurrence at last follow-up, clinic improved by 50%; Poor: recurrence or delayed fusion for postoperative instability or no clinical improvement or clinical improvement < 50%.