Table 3.
Distribution of bacterial pathogens in surgical patients with VAP.
| Bacterial Pathogen | Pulmonary Isolation n = 175 | Abdominal Isolation n = 150 | Wound Isolation n = 62 | Blood Isolation n = 68 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gram-positive bacteria | 7 (4%) | 54 (30%) | 20 (28%) | 28 (38%) |
| Staphylococcus or Streptococcus | ||||
| Staphylococcus aureus | 4 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
| Staphylococcus sp. | 1 | 18 | 8 | 18 |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Streptococcus sp. | 1 | 4 | 2 | 1 |
| Enterococcus | ||||
| Enterococcus faecalis | 0 | 12 | 5 | 1 |
| Enterococcus faecium | 0 | 10 | 2 | 1 |
| Enterococcus sp. | 0 | 3 | 2 | 0 |
| Other Gram-positive bacteria | 0 | 6 | 1 | 3 |
| Gram-negative bacteria | 127 (73%) | 89 (49%) | 33 (46%) | 28 (38%) |
| Enterobacteriaceae | ||||
| Escherichia coli | 1 | 16 | 6 | 6 |
| Klebsiella pneumonia | 7 | 7 | 4 | 5 |
| Proteus mirabilis | 0 | 4 | 1 | 0 |
| Enterobacter species | 4 | 8 | 5 | 2 |
| NFGNB | ||||
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 31 | 14 | 4 | 4 |
| CRPA | 16 | 9 | 1 | 1 |
| Acinetobacter baumannii | 16 | 5 | 1 | 2 |
| CRAB | 12 | 4 | 1 | 2 |
| SM | 33 | 11 | 3 | 1 |
| Other GNB | 7 | 11 | 7 | 5 |
| Anaerobic | 0 | 15 (8%) | 8 (11%) | 5 (7%) |
| NTM | 1 (1%) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Fugus (candida sp., mold, yeast) | 40 (23%) | 23 (13%) | 11 (15%) | 12 (16%) |
| Polymicrobial (include yeast) | 34/99 (34%) | 42/99(42%) | 20/99(20%) | 16/99(16%) |
VAP, ventilator-associated pneumonia; NFGNB, non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria; CRPA, carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa; CRAB, carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii; SM, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia; NTM, nontuberculous mycobacteria.