Figure 9.

(A) JC-1 staining was performed on MCF-7 cells to evaluate mitochondrial membrane potential and pictures were taken with 20× magnification. Treatment with PTX-Lipo, ALA-Lipo, and ALA-PTX-Lipo increased green fluorescence of the JC-1 monomer, indicating a lower mitochondrial potential compared with the control group, which exhibited red fluorescence indicative of high mitochondrial potential. (B) The qualitative data also showed notable variation among the groups. Statistical significance was determined at * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and comparisons were made with the control.