| BM | breast milk |
| DNA | deoxyribo nucleic acid |
| F | formula |
| GM | gut microbiome |
| HDM | human donated milk |
| HM | human milk |
| HMF | human milk fortifier |
| M | microbiome |
| LOS | late-onset sepsis |
| MOM | own mother’s breastmilk |
| NEC | necrotizing enterocolitis |
| PI | preterm infants |
| SIgA | stool secretory IgA |
| TI | term infants |
| TPN | total parenteral nutrition |
| NICU | neonatal intensive care unit |
| VLBW | very low birthweight |