Table 2.

Risk of incident type 2 diabetes, by level of night light and day light exposure, including the proportion and number of diabetes cases within each light exposure group.

	Percentile	Cases % (N)	HR [95% CI]	p-value
Model 1 (N = 84,510)
Night light	0–50% (ref.)	1.98 (835)	–	–
	50–70%	2.52 (426)	1.33 [1.18–1.49]a	<0.0001
	70–90%	2.72 (459)	1.44 [1.29–1.62]a	<0.0001
	90–100%	3.16 (267)	1.67 [1.45–1.92]a	<0.0001
Day light	0–50% (ref.)	2.41 (1017)	–	–
	50–70%	2.43 (410)	0.97 [0.86–1.09]	0.60
	70–90%	2.22 (375)	0.84 [0.75–0.95]a	0.0055
	90–100%	2.19 (185)	0.73 [0.62–0.85]a	<0.0001
Model 2 (N = 83,052)
Night light	0–50% (ref.)	1.97 (818)	–	–
	50–70%	2.47 (411)	1.28 [1.14–1.44]a	<0.0001
	70–90%	2.70 (449)	1.42 [1.26–1.59]a	<0.0001
	90–100%	3.14 (261)	1.60 [1.39–1.84]a	<0.0001
Day light	0–50% (ref.)	2.38 (987)	–	–
	50–70%	2.41 (400)	0.99 [0.88–1.11]	0.83
	70–90%	2.23 (371)	0.88 [0.78–0.99]a	0.037
	90–100%	2.18 (181)	0.77 [0.65–0.90]a	0.0014
Model 3 (N = 80,181)
Night light	0–50% (ref.)	1.96 (786)	–	–
	50–70%	2.46 (394)	1.29 [1.14–1.46]a	<0.0001
	70–90%	2.69 (431)	1.39 [1.24–1.57]a	<0.0001
	90–100%	3.16 (253)	1.53 [1.32–1.77]a	<0.0001
Day light	0–50% (ref.)	2.35 (942)	–	–
	50–70%	2.39 (384)	1.06 [0.94–1.20]	0.32
	70–90%	2.26 (362)	1.02 [0.90–1.15]	0.78
	90–100%	2.20 (176)	0.98 [0.83–1.16]	0.81

Data are hazard ratios (95% CI). Model covariates: model 1: age, sex, and ethnicity; model 2: model 1 covariates plus income, material deprivation, education, and employment status; and model 3: model 2 covariates plus smoking status, alcohol consumption, healthy diet, physical activity, and urbanicity.

^ap < 0.05.