Table A3.
Characteristics of study ICUs compared to ICUs in all other Victorian hospitals
| Other Victorian hospitals |
Study hospitals |
p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N = 26 | N = 20 | ||
| Number of patients per site | 438 (303–685) | 758 (562–1044) | 0.001 |
| Hospital type: n (%) | 0.063 | ||
| Public rural/regional | 8 (31%) | 4 (20%) | |
| Public metropolitan | 4 (15%) | 6 (30%) | |
| Public tertiary | 1 (4%) | 5 (25%) | |
| Private | 13 (50%) | 5 (25%) | |
| Demographics | |||
| Age in years | 65.4 (61.8–68.4) | 61.6 (59.6–64.8) | 0.019 |
| Proportion male (%) | 55.2 (52.1–57.4) | 56.9 (53.5–59.0) | 0.44 |
| Proportion elective surgical admissions (%) | 30.3 (6.5–67.5) | 16.6 (12.4–47.5) | 0.56 |
| Proportion medical admissions (%) | 57.2 (22.3–81.1) | 65.3 (40.4–70.7) | 0.86 |
| Proportion cardiac surgery (%) | 0 (0–18.2) | 0 (0–14.4) | 0.75 |
| Therapies (number of patients per site) | |||
| Invasive ventilation | 81 (14–211) | 235 (107–531) | 0.005 |
| Renal replacement therapy | 3 (0–17) | 37 (9–73) | <0.001 |
| Ventilated, renal replacement or ECMO | 89 (16–216) | 257 (114–553) | 0.005 |
| Illness severity and frailty scores | |||
| Frailty score (clinical frailty scale) | 3.4 (3.2–3.8) | 3.5 (3.3–3.7) | 0.79 |
| APACHE II score | 14.1 (12.3–16.1) | 15.9 (13.7–16.8) | 0.088 |
| APACHE III score | 48.1 (43.7–52.6) | 52.9 (46.8–57.4) | 0.13 |
| Predicted risk of death | 5.5 (3.6–9.7) | 10.5 (5.1–12.4) | 0.076 |
| Outcomes | |||
| In-hospital mortality | 5.6 (1.9–8.4) | 10.3 (5.3–11.6) | 0.012 |
| In-ICU mortality | 2.5 (0.7–4.8) | 6.4 (2.9–8.3) | 0.015 |
| Readmission to ICU | 3.0 (1.5–4.4) | 3.5 (2.1–4.5) | 0.71 |
| ICU length of stay in days | 1.8 (1.5–2.1) | 2.0 (1.7–2.2) | 0.23 |
| Hospital length of stay in days | 6.4 (4.4–8.6) | 7.6 (5.5–8.6) | 0.18 |
All statistics are median and interquartile value for sites during the study period (Dec 2021 to Sept 2022) unless otherwise stated. APACHE, Acute Physiological and Chronic Health Evaluation; ECMO, Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.