Fig. 1.

Tau pathology and nanotechnology applications (a) Pathology of Alzheimer's disease in a healthy brain, tau proteins stabilize the microtubules, which are responsible for keeping the structure and function of nerve cells. In AD, tau proteins become abnormal and begin to accumulate in the brain. This accumulation results in the formation of NFTs. (b) The application of nanotechnology in treating tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease includes regulating tau phosphorylation, inhibiting tau aggregation and diffusion, stabilizing microtubules, and promoting tau clearance. Created with BioRender.com.