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. 2024 Jul 28;22:687. doi: 10.1186/s12967-024-05515-x

Table 2.

Outcomes of cycles according to the cause of infertility

Outcome Female factor Unexplained factor
IVF ICSI p IVF ICSI p
Cycles N 53,374 13,995 71,650 30,573
Fertilization rate* Median (IQR) 67% (50–83%) 75% (57–88%)  < 0.001 67% (47–83%) 73% (54–88%)  < 0.001
Freeze all N (%) 2942 (5.5%) 821 (5.9%) 0.10 2894 (4.0%) 1384 (4.5%)  < 0.001
No available embryos N (%) 2741 (5.1%) 561 (4.0%)  < 0.001 5083 (7.1%) 1587 (5.2%)  < 0.001
N of embryos transferred Mean (SD) 1.56 (0.53) 1.59 (0.55)  < 0.001 1.58 (0.55) 1.59 (0.57) 0.050
 1 N (%) 21,539 (45.2%) 5570 (44.2%)  < 0.001 28,303 (44.5%) 12,438 (45.1%)  < 0.001
 2 N (%) 25,451 (53.4%) 6696 (53.1%) 33,597 (52.8%) 14,007 (50.7%)
 3 N (%) 701 (1.5%) 347 (2.8%) 1773** (2.8%) 1157 (4.2%)
Embryo transfer stage
 Cleavage stage N (%) 28,901 (60.6%) 7162 (56.8%)  < 0.001 37,686 (59.2%) 15,180 (55.0%)  < 0.001
 Blastocyst stage N (%) 18,121 (38.0%) 5219 (41.4%) 25,188 (39.6%) 11,903 (43.1%)
 Other/unspecified N (%) 669 (1.4%) 232 (1.8%) 799 (1.3%) 519 (1.9%)
Cycles with ≥ 1 embryo stored N (%) 22,562 (42.3%) 5555 (39.7%)  < 0.001 27,157 (37.9%) 11,348 (37.1%) 0.018
 1–5 embryos N (%) 16,927 (31.7%) 4398 (31.4%)  < 0.001 21,668 (30.2%) 9449 (30.9%)  < 0.001
 > 5 embryos N (%) 5635 (10.6%) 1157 (8.3%) 5489 (7.7%) 1899 (6.2%)
Pregnancies with FHB N; % (95%CI) 17,893; 33.5% (33.1–33.9%) 4617; 33.0% (32.2–33.8%) 0.23 22,669; 31.6% (31.3–32.0%) 9743; 31.9% (31.4–32.4%) 0.43
Implantation rate (with FHB)
 Single embryo transfer N Implanted/transferred 8331/21539 2057/5570 0.017 10,392/28303 4462/12438 0.10
% (95%CI) 38.7% (38.0–39.3%) 36.9% (35.7–38.2%) 36.7% (36.2–37.3%) 35.9% (35.0–36.7%)
 Double embryo transfer N Implanted/transferred 12,363/50902 3288/13392 0.53 15,270/67194 6379/28014 0.88
% (95%CI) 24.3% (23.9–24.7%) 24.6% (23.8–25.3%) 22.7% (22.4–23.0%) 22.8% (22.3–23.3%)
 Triple embryo transfer N Implanted/transferred 164/2103 70/1041 0.24 435/5320** 312/3471 0.19
% (95%CI) 7.8% (6.7–8.9%) 6.7% (5.2–8.2%) 8.2% (7.4–8.9%) 9.0% (8.0–9.9%)
 Live birth occurrence N; % (95%CI) 15,847; 29.7% (29.3–30.1%) 4030; 28.8% (28.0–29.5%) 0.039 19,847; 27.7% (27.4–28.0%) 8479; 27.7% (27.2–28.2%) 0.91

*cycles perfomed in 2017–2018 were excluded since the number of inseminated/fertilized eggs are available as categorical data only; ** includes 1 transfer with 4 embryos

IVF, conventional in vitro insemination; ICSI, intracytoplasmic sperm injection, FHB, fetal heartbeat; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval