Table 1.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy cohort characteristics
| Overall | Bern | Oxford | Seoul | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HCM cases | n = 773 | n = 66 | n = 304 | n = 403 |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 536 (69.3%) | 36 (54.5%) | 236 (77.6%) | 264 (65.5%) |
| Female | 237 (30.7%) | 30 (45.5%) | 68 (22.4%) | 139 (34.5%) |
| Age (years) | 56.0 (47.0, 65.0) | 60.2 (49.4, 70.7) | 52.0 (42.0, 59.0) | 59.0 (51.5, 68.0) |
| Age (years) | ||||
| <40 | 105 (13.6%) | 9 (13.6%) | 64 (21.1%) | 32 (7.9%) |
| 40–59 | 366 (47.3%) | 23 (34.8%) | 170 (55.9%) | 173 (42.9%) |
| 60–79 | 292 (37.8%) | 27 (40.9%) | 69 (22.7%) | 196 (48.6%) |
| ≥80 | 10 (1.3%) | 7 (10.6%) | 1 (0.3%) | 2 (0.5%) |
| Race | ||||
| East Asian | 422 (54.6%) | 1 (1.5%) | 18 (5.9%) | 403 (100.0%) |
| Black | 17 (2.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | 17 (5.6%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| White | 334 (43.2%) | 65 (98.5%) | 269 (88.5%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Coronary artery disease | 99 (12.8%) | 19 (28.8%) | 5 (1.6%) | 75 (18.6%) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 161 (20.8%) | 37 (56.1%) | 34 (11.2%) | 90 (22.3%) |
| Cerebrovascular event | 98 (12.7%) | 34 (51.5%) | 9 (3.0%) | 55 (13.6%) |
| Diabetes | 108 (14.0%) | 11 (16.7%) | 13 (4.3%) | 84 (20.8%) |
| Hypertension | 268 (34.7%) | 35 (53.0%) | 55 (18.1%) | 178 (44.2%) |
| Sudden cardiac arrest | 27 (3.5%) | 9 (13.6%) | 15 (4.9%) | 3 (0.7%) |
| Implantable cardioverter–defibrillatora | 47 (6.1%) | 15 (22.7%) | 23 (7.6%) | 9 (2.2%) |
| Obstructive phenotype | 121 (15.7%) | 37 (56.9%) | 43 (14.1%) | 41 (10.2%) |
| Apical HCM | 169 (21.9%) | 4 (6.1%) | 21 (6.9%) | 144 (35.7%) |
| Family history of HCM | 189 (24.5%) | 29 (44.6%) | 117 (38.5%) | 43 (10.7%) |
| LVEF (%) | 65.0 (60.0, 70.0) | 65.0 (55.0, 65.0) | 67.0 (61.7, 73.9) | 64.0 (60.0, 68.0) |
| LVEF <50% | 23 (3%) | 7 (10.6%) | 9 (3%) | 7 (1.7%) |
| Resting LVOT gradient (mmHg) | 6.3 (4.2, 13.0) | 20.5 (10.0, 67.5) | 7.8 (5.0, 15.0) | 5.4 (3.8, 9.0) |
| Maximum wall thickness (mm) | 19.0 (16.1, 22.0) | 20.0 (17.0, 23.0) | 20.0 (16.8, 23.2) | 18.0 (16.0, 21.0) |
| Genetic testing performed | 405 (52.4%) | 17 (25.8%) | 304 (100%) | 84 (20.8%) |
| Genetic testing positive | 194 (25.1%) | 12 (18.2%) | 145 (47.7%) | 37 (9.2%) |
| Controls | n = 3867 | n = 3350 | n = 117 | n = 400 |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 2443 (63.2%) | 2157 (64.4%) | 74 (63.2%) | 212 (53.0%) |
| Female | 1424 (36.8%) | 1193 (35.6%) | 43 (36.8%) | 188 (47.0%) |
| Age (years) | 65.4 (54.2, 75.0) | 67.5 (57.0, 76.3) | 47.0 (30.0, 61.0) | 53.0 (46.0, 60.0) |
| Age (years) | ||||
| <40 | 301 (7.8%) | 223 (6.7%) | 46 (39.3%) | 32 (8.0%) |
| 40–59 | 1059 (27.4%) | 757 (22.6%) | 38 (32.5%) | 264 (66.0%) |
| 60–79 | 1842 (47.6%) | 1711 (51.1%) | 31 (26.5%) | 100 (25.0%) |
| ≥80 | 665 (17.2%) | 659 (19.7%) | 2 (1.7%) | 4 (1.0%) |
Data shown as absolute counts (%) or medians (inter-quartile range).
HCM, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVOT, left ventricular outflow tract.
aPrior or future implantable cardioverter–defibrillator implantation.