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. 2024 Jul 15;14:1430051. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1430051

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Copyright © 2024 Yang, Jiao, Zhang, Mo, Wang and Liang

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Biological functions of circRNA (A) The most common function of circRNAs is miRNA sponging. By sponging miRNAs, circRNAs inhibit miRNA capacity to perform their post-transcriptional inhibition. (B) circRNAs can act as RBP decoys, protein sponges or scaffolds to regulate target gene expression. (C) circRNAs can regulate parental genes in response to RNA polymerase II. (D) circRNA backsplicing can selectively compete with precursor mRNA typical splicing and affect typical gene expression rates. (E) Some circRNAs have coding potential and are translated into proteins.