Table 4.
Hazard ratios reporting the association between sex/gender (men as reference group) and access to the waitlist among patients preemptively referred for kidney transplant between 2015 and 2019, and followed-up until 2020, overall and stratified by age, race, obesity, and attributed cause of kidney failure
| Subgroup | N (%) with the outcome | Crude HR (95% CI) | P-value for interaction | Adjusted HR (95% CI)a | P-value for interaction |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Waitlisting | HR examining association between sex/gender and waitlisting among patients preemptively referred | ||||
| Overall | 4575 (58.4) | 0.97 (0.91–1.03) | 1.00 (0.93–1.07) | ||
| Age, yr | |||||
| 18–29 | 219 (69.3) | 0.75 (0.58–0.98) | 0.16 | 0.81 (0.59–1.10) | 0.049 |
| 30–39 | 443 (61.4) | 1.01 (0.84–1.22) | 1.07 (0.87–1.33) | ||
| 40–49 | 907 (65.6) | 1.05 (0.92–1.20) | 1.18 (1.02–1.37) | ||
| 50–59 | 1250 (60.9) | 1.00 (0.90–1.12) | 1.02 (0.90–1.16) | ||
| 60–69 | 1349 (55.5) | 0.92 (0.82–1.02) | 0.93 (0.82–1.05) | ||
| 70–79 | 407 (43.4) | 0.85 (0.70–1.04) | 0.83 (0.66–1.04) | ||
| Race/ethnicity group | |||||
| White | 2351 (62.4) | 1.00 (0.92–1.08) | 0.44 | 0.97 (0.88–1.07) | 0.51 |
| Black | 1916 (52.6) | 0.96 (0.88–1.05) | 1.00 (0.91–1.11) | ||
| Hispanic | 133 (72.3) | 1.11 (0.79–1.56) | 1.20 (0.82–1.75) | ||
| Other | 175 (71.1) | 1.22 (0.90–1.64) | 1.18 (0.86–1.64) | ||
| Obesity (BMI, kg/m2) | |||||
| Underweight | 64 (50.8) | 0.79 (0.49–1.30) | 0.05 | 0.64 (0.35–1.20) | 0.45 |
| Normal | 1008 (58.2) | 1.18 (1.05–1.34) | 1.09 (0.95–1.26) | ||
| Overweight | 1466 (61.8) | 0.95 (0.85–1.06) | 0.98 (0.87–1.11) | ||
| Obese class I | 1225 (63.5) | 0.95 (0.85–1.06) | 0.95 (0.83–1.08) | ||
| Obese class II | 596 (55.9) | 0.97 (0.83–1.14) | 1.05 (0.88–1.25) | ||
| Obese class III | 206 (35.0) | 0.87 (0.66–1.14) | 0.93 (0.70–1.24) | ||
| Attributed cause of kidney failure | |||||
| Diabetes | 1434 (45.2) | 0.83 (0.75–0.92) | 0.01 | 0.88 (0.78–0.98) | 0.04 |
| Hypertension | 1263 (55.5) | 1.01 (0.90–1.12) | 1.08 (0.95–1.21) | ||
| Glomerulonephritis | 811 (77.6) | 0.97 (0.84–1.11) | 1.04 (0.88–1.22) | ||
| Other | 967 (80.2) | 1.09 (0.96–1.23) | 1.10 (0.94–1.30) | ||
BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; ESKD, end-stage kidney disease; HR, hazard ratio; KRT, kidney replacement therapy.
a
Multivariable model adjusted for all characteristics in Table 2, excluding pre-ESKD nephrology care.