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. 2024 Jul 26;14(7):e077458. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-077458

Table 3. Experience of the second stage of labour when randomised to two and one midwife according to the follow-up questionnaire in the Oneplus trial.

Randomised to two midwives (intervention) (n=1127) Randomised to one midwife (standard care) (n=1094) Mean difference (95% CI) P value
Items rated on 4-point Likert scale
I felt strong during the second stage of labour
 Mean (SD) 2.67 (1.01) 2.75 (0.99) 0.08 (0.00 to 0.17) 0.06
I could handle the situation during the second stage of labour
 Mean (SD) 3.18 (0.87) 3.26 (0.84) 0.08 (0.01 to 0.15) 0.03
I was tired during the second stage of labour
 Mean (SD) 2.60 (1.09) 2.56 (1.10) −0.04 (−0.13 to 0.05) 0.42
I have positive memories from the second stage of labour
 Mean (SD) 2.68 (1.03) 2.69 (1.03) 0.01 (−0.07 to 0.10) 0.79
I have negative memories from the second stage of labour
 Mean (SD) 1.74 (0.92) 1.69 (0.89) −0.05 (−0.12 to 0.03) 0.20
I felt vulnerable during the second stage of labour
 Mean (SD) 1.39 (0.75) 1.38 (0.73) −0.01 (−0.07 to 0.06) 0.86
I was afraid during the second stage of labour
 Mean (SD) 1.77 (0.95) 1.73 (0.93) −0.04 (−0.12 to 0.04) 0.35
I was concerned about my child’s health during the second stage of labour
 Mean (SD) 1.74 (0.94) 1.74 (0.92) 0.00 (−0.08 to 0.07) 0.91
The midwife understood my needs during the second stage of labour
 Mean (SD) 3.43 (0.79) 3.46 (0.81) 0.03 (−0.04 to 0.10) 0.20
I felt included in decision about birth position
 Mean (SD) 2.76 (1.14) 2.81 (1.12) 0.05 (−0.05 to 0.14) 0.30
Items rated on 7-point Likert scale
How much of a feeling of being in control did you experience during the second stage of labour? not in control (1)–completely in control (7)
 Mean (SD) 4.01 (1.78) 4.04 (1.79) 0.03 (−0.12 to 0.18) 0.68
During the second stage of labour I felt no pain at all (1)–worst imaginable pain (7)
 Mean (SD) 5.01 (1.67) 4.93 (1.66) −0.08 (−0.22 to 0.06) 0.13
I experienced the pain as very negative (1)–very positive (7)
 Mean (SD) 3.81 (1.71) 3.85 (1.74) 0.04 (−0.10 to 0.19) 0.58
How did you experience the length of the second stage of labour? drawn out (1)–fast (7)
 Mean (SD) 4.01 (2.15) 4.10 (2.12) 0.09 (−0.09 to 0.26) 0.41
When you look back at the birth now, how safe did you feel during the second stage of labour? very unsafe (1)–totally safe (7)
 Mean (SD) 5.69 (1.65) 5.75 (1.62) 0.06 (−0.07 to 0.20) 0.37

Higher values indicate greater agreement with the statement. Mean differences with 95% CI CI are calculated with sStudent’s t -test. P- values are calculated with the Mann-Whitney U- test.

The 4-point Likert scales range from 1 (strongly agree) to 4 (disagree). The responses were reversed in order for higher scores to indicate greater agreement with the statement. Missing values range between 0.3% and 1.4%.