Table 2.

Univariate and time‐dependent multivariate survival analysis for event‐free survival (EFS) after second autologous stem‐cell transplantation (ASCT2).

	Univariate analysis (Log‐Rank)			Multivariate analysis (Cox)
Characteristics	HR	95% CI	p value*	HR	95% CI	p value**
Sex
Female	Ref.	–	–	Ref.	–	–
Male	1.50	1.10−2.00	0.020	2.47	1.66−3.66	<0.001
Age at time of second ASCT2
<52.5 years	Ref.	–	–	Ref.	–	–
>52.5 years	1.60	1.10−2.50	0.023	0.80	0.49−1.31	0.376
ISS score at diagnosis of MM
I	Ref.	–	–
II–III	1.20	0.81−1.90	0.310
Cytogenetic risk at diagnosis of MM
Intermediate/low	Ref.	–	–
Higha	0.98	0.59–1.60	0.940
Number of prior line(s) of therapy before ASCT2
1	Ref.	–	–
>1	1.20	0.78–1.80	0.420
Time without new treatment after first ASCT (months)
<36 months	Ref.	–	–	Ref.	–	–
>36 months	0.57	0.41–0.78	<0.001	0.79	0.53–1.16	0.232
Response depth before ASCT2
VGPR+	Ref.	–	–	Ref.	–	–
PR, SD, or PD	1.50	1.10–2.00	0.026	0.82	0.52–1.30	0.404
Conditioning regimen of second ASCT
Standard or Intensive	Ref.	–	–	Ref.	–	–
Reduce	1.60	1.10–2.30	0.019	1.00	0.64−1.58	0.974
Response depth after ASCT2b
VGPR+	Ref.	–	–	Ref.	–	–
PR, SD, or PD	1.76	1.35–2.28	<0.001	1.83	1.14–2.93	0.012
Consolidation therapy after ASCT2b	1.25	0.89–1.75	0.200
Maintenance therapy after ASCT2b	0.61	0.43–0.88	0.007	0.43	0.28–0.65	<0.001

Abbreviations: CI 95%, 95% confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; MM, multiple myeloma; Ref., reference for HR calculus and interpretation; PD, progressive disease; PR, partial response; SD, stable disease; VGPR+, very good partial response or complete response. All according to IMWG.

^a t(4;14), t(14;16), t(14;20), del(17p), del(1p32) and 1q amplification.

^b time‐dependent variable.

^* p Value for Log‐Rank test

^** p Value for Wald test.