Figure 2.

Shared effector hosts outcompete independent effector hosts in most conditions. The black lines show the predicted probability of shared effector hosts winning a competitive simulation when signalling was synchronous, the grey lines show the predicted probability of shared effector hosts winning a competition when signalling was asynchronous. In both cases, the predicted probability was determined by a quasi-binomial regression on the proportion of the population that had a shared effector in the final generation of a simulation. The y-axis shows the proportion of the host population that was composed of shared effector hosts, with the size of dots corresponding to the number of simulations that ended with that proportion. The x-axis shows the number of generations that were allotted for independent evolution prior to competition beginning.