Figure 4.

The surface of the standing horse (a) has greater curvature longitudinally (concave up) and transversely (concave down) than that of the moving horse at trot (b) or walk (c). (a) Elevation profile of the horse’s standing shape, recorded after veterinary examination. (b,c) The difference in the stride-average elevation profile relative to the standing horse for trot (b) and walk (c). The stride-average elevation profiles for both gaits exhibit flatter surfaces, where the depressed lateral regions elevate and the elevated cranial and caudal regions depress. The profile in trot (b) is further flattened relative to walk (c), which is flatter relative to standing (a). Grey squares represent motion-capture markers placed at (in the cranio-caudal direction): T6, tuber coxae (two markers) and Cd1.