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Flow chart of patient inclusion. The patients were divided into quartiles based on their plasma volume statuses (PVSs) at three timepoints: admission, transfer to the general ward (GW) and discharge. They were categorised into Quartiles 1, 2, 3 and 4, with Quartile 1 representing the highest PVS group. ADHF, acute decompensated heart failure; CICU, cardiovascular intensive care unit; RBC, red blood cell.
