Table 3.
The Comparison of IAD Risks and Biomarkers Before and After Applying Nursing Programs in Preventing Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis (IAD) Among Older Patients (n=10) (Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test)
| Outcomes | Intervention | Before | After | Z | P-value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median | Mean | SD | Mean Rank | Median | Mean | SD | Mean Rank | ||||
| PAT-T score | Intervention 1 | 9.00 | 9.00 | 0.71 | 0.00 | 10.00 | 9.60 | 0.55 | 2.00 | −1.732 | 0.083 |
| Intervention 2 | 9.00 | 8.60 | 0.55 | 0.00 | 9.00 | 9.00 | 0.00 | 1.50 | −1.414 | 0.157 | |
| Skin surface pH | Intervention 1 | 6.78 | 6.65 | 0.24 | 0.00 | 6.90 | 7.06 | 0.51 | 3.00 | −1.214 | 0.225 |
| Intervention 2 | 6.87 | 6.92 | 0.19 | 3.00 | 6.32 | 6.35 | 0.05 | 0.00 | −2.023 | 0.043 | |
| Skin moisture | Intervention 1 | 10.10 | 10.10 | 0.10 | 0.00 | 10.50 | 10.46 | 0.21 | 3.00 | −2.032 | 0.042 |
| Intervention 2 | 10.00 | 10.12 | 0.22 | 0.00 | 11.90 | 12.00 | 0.61 | 3.00 | −2.023 | 0.043 | |