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. 2024 Jul 27;16(7):1051–1066. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i7.1051

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©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial.

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Steroid hormone synthesis was the primary target pathway affected by modified Xiaoyao San treatment. A: Statistical analysis of differential metabolites. Total Sig denoted the total count of metabolites that exhibited significant changes. Down/up Sig represented the overall number of metabolites that underwent significant downregulation or upregulation; B: A Venn diagram illustrated the comparative analysis of metabolites among the three groups; C and D: Volcano plots displayed significantly changed metabolites, indicated by red and blue-colored dots. The criteria for significance were fold change (FC) below than 0.667, FC greater than 1.5, or variable importance in the projection greater than 1.0, and P value below than 0.05; E and F: Pathway enrichment analysis of differential metabolites in different comparisons. The pathway impact value (X-axis) was denoted by the size of the circles, and the -log10 P value weight (ranging from white to red, Y-axis) was indicated by the color intensity. MXS: Modified Xiaoyao San; NASH: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.