Table 3.
Cox regression for overall survival among all patients (N = 335).
| Variable | Univariable | Multivariable | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95 % CI) | P | HR (95 % CI) | P | |
| Age (y) | 1.02 (1.00–1.04) | 0.039 | 1.02 (1.00–1.04)1 | 0.039 |
| Female | 1.05 (0.78–1.40) | 0.75 | ||
| ECOG PS (ref: 0) | ||||
| 1 | 2.22 (1.56–3.14) | < 0.001 | 1.97 (1.37–2.83)1 | < 0.001 |
| 2 | 3.25 (1.99–5.29) | < 0.001 | 2.17 (1.27–3.70)1 | 0.0047 |
| Smoking pack-years (per 10) | 1.04 (0.99–1.09) | 0.096 | ||
| Baseline CVD | 1.21 (0.91–1.62) | 0.19 | ||
| Baseline CHD | 1.10 (0.83–1.48) | 0.50 | 1.09 (0.80–1.49)1 | 0.59 |
| Baseline atrial fibrillation/flutter | 1.34 (0.91−1.97) | 0.14 | ||
| Baseline hypertension | 1.08 (0.79–1.47) | 0.62 | ||
| Baseline hyperlipidemia | 0.98 (0.73–1.31) | 0.88 | ||
| Baseline diabetes | 1.13 (0.80–1.60) | 0.50 | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.99 (0.97–1.02) | 0.68 | ||
| Baseline statin use | 0.98 (0.73–1.32) | 0.91 | ||
| Histology (ref: squamous) | ||||
| Adenocarcinoma | 0.57 (0.42–0.78) | < 0.001 | 0.81 (0.58–1.13)1 | 0.22 |
| Other | 0.86 (0.51–1.45) | 0.57 | 0.64 (0.45–1.39)1 | 0.11 |
| PD-L1 expression (ref: < 1%) | ||||
| ≥ 1% | 0.65 (0.47–0.88) | 0.0066 | 0.66 (0.47–0.93)1 | 0.016 |
| Unknown | 0.60 (0.39–0.91) | 0.018 | 0.71 (0.45–1.12)1 | 0.14 |
| Stage IIIB/IIIC (ref: II/IIIA) | 1.11 (0.83–1.48) | 0.50 | ||
| T4 (ref: T0–3) | 1.53 (1.12–2.08) | 0.0072 | 1.07 (0.74–1.56)1 | 0.72 |
| N3 (ref: N0–2) | 1.01 (0.72–1.41) | 0.97 | ||
| Laterality of primary tumor (ref: right) | ||||
| Left | 1.30 (0.96–1.76) | 0.085 | 1.04 (0.71–1.54)1 | 0.83 |
| Mediastinum | 0.40 (0.15–1.07) | 0.069 | 0.42 (0.15–1.16)1 | 0.095 |
| Proton therapy | 0.91 (0.67–1.24) | 0.55 | ||
| Carboplatin/paclitaxel (ref: all else) | 1.61 (1.13–2.28) | 0.0076 | 1.43 (0.98–2.08)1 | 0.061 |
| Consolidation ICI receipt | 0.56 (0.41–0.75) | < 0.001 | 0.63 (0.46–0.87)1 | 0.0045 |
| GTVp (per 10 cc) | 1.01 (1.01–1.02) | < 0.001 | 1.01 (1.00–1.02)1 | 0.092 |
| GTVn (per 10 cc) | 1.02 (1.00–1.05) | 0.069 | 1.03 (1.01–1.06)1 | 0.018 |
| LAD V15Gy (%) | 1.01 (1.01–1.02) | < 0.001 | 1.01 (1.00–1.02)1 | 0.010 |
| Heart mean dose (Gy) | 1.03 (1.01 −1.05) | < 0.001 | 1.03 (1.00–1.06)2 | 0.033 |
| Lung mean dose (Gy) | 1.04 (1.00–1.08) | 0.061 | 1.03 (0.98–1.08)1 | 0.29 |
| Esophagus mean dose (Gy) | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 0.23 | 1.00 (0.98–1.02)1 | 0.86 |
| EDIC (Gy) | 1.15 (1.05–1.25) | 0.0023 | 1.16 (1.03–1.32)3 | 0.018 |
HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; ECOG PS, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status; ref, reference; CVD, cardiovascular disease; CHD, coronary heart disease; BMI, body mass index; PD-L1, programmed death-ligand 1; ICI, immune checkpoint inhibitor; GTVp, primary gross tumor volume; GTVn, nodal gross tumor volume; LAD, left anterior descending coronary artery; Vx Gy, volume receiving ≥ x Gy; EDIC, effective radiation dose to immune circulating cells.
1
Model 1: includes LAD V15Gy.
2
Model 2: includes heart mean dose instead of LAD V15Gy.
3
Model 3: Includes EDIC instead of heart mean dose, LAD V15Gy, and lung mean dose.