Table 1.
General characteristics of COVID-19 patients and healthy controls
| A | B | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | CL, n = 31 | 3 months, post-COVID-19, n = 29 | 6 months post-COVID-19, n = 23 | 12 months post-COVID-19, n = 20 | P-value (COVID-19 vs CL) | 3 months post-COVID-19 w/o PE, n = 19 | 3 months post-COVID-19 with PE, n = 10 | 6 months post-COVID-19 w/o PE, n = 15 | 6 months post-COVID-19 with PE, n = 8 | 12 months post-COVID-19 w/o PE, n = 13 | 12 months post-COVID-19 with PE, n = 7 | P-value (COVID-19 with PE vs w/o PE) |
| Age, years | 58.6 ± 8.21 | 64.6 ± 13.8 | 64.2 ± 14.1 | 65.2 ± 13.8 | ns | 68.4 ± 10.6 | 57.3 ± 16.6 | 68.6 ± 9.01 | 55.9 ± 18.4* | 68.8 ± 9.71 | 58.4 ± 18.2 | P < 0.05 |
| Male sex n (%) | 20 (64.5%) | 24 (82.8%) | 19 (82.6%) | 17 (85.0%) | ns | 17 (89.5%) | 7 (70.0%) | 14 (93.3%) | 5 (62.5%) | 2 (15.4%) | 1 (14.3%) | ns |
| BMI (Kg/m2) | 26.7 ± 4.78 | 27.0 ± 3.17 | 26.7 ± 3.13 | 27.1 ± 4.7 | ns | 27.2 ± 3.03 | 26.5 ± 3.54 | 26.8 ± 3.23 | 26.5 ± 3.15 | 3.38 ± 0.94 | 5.39 ± 2.04 | ns |
| Smokers (%) | 1 (3.23%) | 1 (3.45%) | 1 (4.35%) | 0 (0.00%) | ns | 0 (0.00%) | 1 (10.0%) | 0 (0.00%) | 1 (12.5%) | 0 (0.00%) | 0 (0.00%) | ns |
| No smokers (%) | 19 (61.3%) | 13 (44.8%) | 10 (43.5%) | 9 (45%) | ns | 6 (31.6%) | 7 (70.0%) | 5 (33.3%) | 5 (62.5%) | 5 (38.5%) | 4 (57.1%) | ns |
| Ex-smokers (%) | 11 (35.5%) | 15 (51.7%) | 12 (52.2%) | 11 (55%) | ns | 13 (68.4%) | 2 (20.0%) | 10 (66.6%) | 2 (25.0%) | 8 (61.5%) | 3 (42.9%) | ns |
| HTA (%) | 7 (22.6%) | 13 (44.8%) | 11 (47.8%) | 9 (45.0%) | ns | 8 (42.1%) | 6 (60.0%) | 7 (46.7%) | 4 (50.0%) | 5 (38.5%) | 4 (57.1%) | ns |
| DM (%) | 0 (0.00%) | 3 (10.3%) | 2 (8.70%) | 2 (10.0%) | ns | 2 (10.5%) | 1 (10.0%) | 2 (13.3%) | 0 (0.00%) | 1 (7.69%) | 1 (14.3%) | ns |
| DLP (%) | 2 (6.45%) | 5 (17.2%) | 4 (17.4%) | 3 (15.0%) | ns | 3 (15.8%) | 2 (20.0%) | (20.0%) | 1 (12.5%) | 1 (15.4%) | 1 (14.3%) | ns |
A. General characteristics of post-COVID-19 patients at different time points after overcoming COVID-19 (3, 6 and 12 months). Values expressed as mean ± SD. Ordinary one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test for parametric tests, Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn’s multiple comparisons test for non-parametric tests and Chi squared test for categorical variables, P > 0.05. B. General characteristics of 3, 6 and 12-months post-COVID-19 patients, with or w/o pulmonary embolism (PE). Values expressed as mean ± SD. Unpaired t test for parametric tests, Mann–Whitney test for non-parametric tests and Chi squared test for categorical variables *P < 0.05
CL Healthy control, PE pulmonary embolism, BMI body mass index, AHT arterial hypertension, DM diabetes mellitus, DLP dyslipidemia