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. 2024 Feb 7;52(4):1269–1285. doi: 10.1007/s15010-024-02173-5

Table 2.

Cellular parameters collected from COVID-19 patients and healthy controls

A B
Variables CL, n = 31 3 months post-COVID-19, n = 29 6 months post-COVID-19, n = 23 12 months post-COVID-19, n = 20 P-value (COVID-19 vs CL) 3 months post-COVID-19 w/o PE, n = 19 3 months post-COVID-19 with PE, n = 10 6 months post-COVID-19 w/o PE, n = 15 6 months post-COVID-19 with PE, n = 8 12 months post-COVID-19 w/o PE, n = 13 12 months post-COVID-19 with PE, n = 7 P-value (COVID-19 with PE vs w/o PE)
Appearance of ECFC colonies (%) 15 (48.4%) 24 (82.8%)** 20 (87.0%)** 17 (85.0%)** P < 0.05 15 (79.0%) 9 (90.0%) 14 (93.3%) 6 (75.0%) 11 (84.6%) 6 (85.7%) ns
Number of ECFC colonies 1.23 ± 1.86 2.79 ± 2.41* 2.78 ± 2.00* 2.90 ± 2.61* P < 0.05 2.47 ± 2.17 3.40 ± 2.84 2.73 ± 1.62 2.88 ± 2.70 2.62 ± 2.29 3.43 ± 2.26 ns
Time for ECFC to appear (days) 14.3 ± 4.76 11.6 ± 4.73 10.8 ± 3.23 12.1 ± 4.10 ns 11.7 ± 3.81 11.4 ± 6.23 11.6 ± 3.25 8.67 ± 2.16 12.1 ± 4.89 12.0 ± 2.45 ns

CL healthy control, PE Pulmonary embolism, ECFC endothelial colony-forming cells

A. Cellular parameters of post-COVID-19 patients at different time points after overcoming COVID-19 (3, 6 and 12 months). Values expressed as mean ± SD. Ordinary one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey´s multiple comparisons test for parametric tests, Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn’s multiple comparisons test for non-parametric tests and Chi squared test for categorical variables, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01

B. Cellular parameters of 3,6 and 12-months post-COVID-19 patients, with or w/o pulmonary embolism (PE). Values expressed as mean ± SD. Unpaired t test for parametric tests, Mann–Whitney test for non-parametric tests and Chi squared test for categorical variables, P > 0.05