Table 2.

Summary of Studies That Included a Control Group and Assessed the Diagnostic Accuracy of Various Clinical Symptoms.

Author (Year), Study Design	Objective	Cervical Myelopathy and Control Group	Demographic Information	Symptoms	Metrics of Diagnostic Accuracy Assessed
Cheung et al (2018)	To translate and cross-culturally adapt the JOACMEQ into Traditional Chinese and to assess its validity, reliability and sensitivity for differentiating cervical myelopathy and presence of acute neck/shoulder pain	Cervical myelopathy group (n = 63) - Patients with cervical myelopathy secondary to CSM, OPLL and cervical subluxation or dislocation Control group (n = 37) - Patients without cervical myelopathy	Age: 58.5 ± 12.2 Men: 60.0%	Neck/shoulder pain	Sensitivity Specificity Positive and negative predictive value Positive and negative likelihood ratio
Cook et al (2009), prospective	To assess reliability and diagnostic accuracy of neurological tests and subjective findings associated with cervical myelopathy.	Cervical myelopathy group (n = 18) - Primary complaint of cervical spine pain with signal intensity changes on MRI confirming the presence of myelomalacia Control group (n = 27) - Primary complaint of cervical spine pain without MRI evidence of myelomalacia	Age: 52 ± 13.4 Men: 41%	Neck pain Loss of dexterity Hand Humbness Gait clumsiness	Sensitivity Specificity Positive and negative predictive value Positive and negative likelihood ratio
Hori et al (2012)	To use novel diffusion metrics to estimate spinal cord compression in patients with early cervical spondylosis.	Cervical myelopathy group (n = 18) - Patients with signs and symptoms of cervical myelopathy and with evidence of spinal cord compression Control group (n = 15) - Patients with signs and symptoms of cervical myelopathy but without spinal cord compression	Cervical myelopathy Age: 63.3 ± 10.8 Men: 33% Control Age: 50.5 ± 16.2 Men: 47%	Numbness Pain Cervical vertigo Neck stiffness Hypalgesia Tremor Apraxia Jitteriness	Sensitivity Specificity Positive and negative predictive value Positive and negative likelihood ratio