Table 1.
Characteristics of systematic review and meta-analysis studies that are included in the umbrella review.
| Reference | Review type | Characteristics of Included primary | Number of included studies/ participants | Outcomes | Main results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Health Quality Ontario (39) | Systematic review | Published before Feb 2016 and in English, Utilised GeneSight-guided medication | 4/ 13,375 |
Response rate, remission rate, depression score, therapeutic decisions, patients' and clinicians' satisfaction | Improvements in response rate, measures of depression, and patients' and clinicians' satisfaction. No differences in remission rates. |
| Bousman et al., (21) | Meta-analysis | Randomised controlled trials (RCTs), adult participants (aged ≥18), Published before May 2018 and in English. | 5/1737 | Remission rates | Significant improvement (p = 0.005) in remission rates |
| Brown et al., (22) | Meta-analysis | Utilised the GeneSight Psychotropic test, Open-label and RCTs, including patients ≥18 years of age diagnosed with MDD |
4/1556 | Symptom improvement, Response rate and Remission rate | Significant increase in symptom improvements, remission and response rates |
| Ielmini et al., (40) | Systematic review and meta-analysis | RCTs, observational studies, or case-control studies, including patients aged ≥ 16 years, Published from 2000 to March 2021 in English | 6/ 3,722 | Remission and Response rates | Significant improvement of remission and response rates |
| Peterson et al., (41) | Systematic review | Published before Feb 2017 in English, Including adult patients | 7/ 13,841 | Remission rate, response rate and tolerability | CNSDose-guided medications significantly improve remission and reduced intolerability. Evidences are inconclusive about intolerability in ABCB1 and GeneSight based medications |
| Rosenblat et al., (42) | Systematic review | Published before Oct 2015 written in English, including adult patients (age 18-75 years), Open-label, non-randomised, nonblinded or lacking a control group | 5/ 1,155 | Symptom improvement, remission and response rates | - Four out of five studies reported significant improvement of depression symptom, response and remission rates |
| Rosenblat et al., (43) | Meta-analysis | Published before Dec 2017 written in English, Open-label, non-randomised or non-blinded studies with control group |
6/ 1,329 | Response and remission rates | Significant improvement of remission and response rates |
| Vilches et al., (23) | Meta-analysis | Analysis of three studies utilised Neuropharmagen-guided medications | 3/450 | Symptom improvement | Significant symptom improvement and the effect size is higher patients with moderate-severe depression |
| Brown et al., (44) | Meta-analysis | Prospective, controlled trial, published in English up to July 12th, 2022, Including adult participants (aged ≥18) | 13/ 4,767 | Remission rate | Significant (P = 0.001) remission rate |
| Jokic et al., (45) | Systematic review | Published in English before Jan 2020, randomised controlled trials, non-randomised studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses, including adult patients with major depression, Multi-gene pharmacogenomic testing intervention | 14/ 3,497 | Change in depression score, Response rate, Remission rate, intolerability to medication and Adverse events | No change in depression score, GeneSight– and NeuroIDgenetix–guided medication led to significant improvements in response and remission rates. CNSdose-guided medications led to significant improvement in remission rates. Genecept-guided medications led to no significant improvement in remission and response rates. Inconsistent impact of Neuropharmagen-guided meditations. |