Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients on vedolizumab.
| Variable | Total cohort (N = 290) | Remain VDZ (n = 157) | VDZ withdrawal (n = 133) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, male, n (%) | 171 (59) | 88 (56.1) | 83 (62.4) | 0.27 |
| Age at VDZ start, median (IQR) | 49.6 (35.2–64.4) | 51.3 (34.9–65.7) | 48.5 (35.4–62.4) | 0.79 |
| Age over 65, n (%) | 71 (24.5) | 44 (28) | 27 (20.3) | 0.13 |
| BMI, kg/m2, median (IQR) a | 27 (24.1–30.8) | 27.1 (24.2–31.1) | 26.8 (24.0–30.3) | 0.67 |
| Disease duration, years, median (IQR) | 10 (6–17) | 11 (6–22) | 9 (6–14) | 0.061 |
| Disease type | 0.41 | |||
| Ulcerative colitis, n (%) | 271 (93.4) | 145 (92.4) | 126 (94.7) | |
| IBD-U, n (%) | 19 (6.6) | 12 (7.6) | 7 (5.3) | |
| Ulcerative colitis Montreal classification, n (%) | 0.024 | |||
| E1 | 23 (8.1) | 18 (11.8) | 5 (3.8) | |
| E2 | 105 (36.8) | 58 (38.2) | 47 (35.3) | |
| E3 | 157 (55.1) | 76 (50) | 81 (60.9) | |
| Extraintestinal manifestation, n (%) | 87 (30.3) | 45 (28.7) | 42 (14.5) | 0.31 |
| Joints | 41 (14.1) | 26 (16.6) | 15 (11.4) | |
| Skin | 4 (1.4) | 1 (0.6) | 3 (2.3) | |
| Mouth ulcers | 6 (2.1) | 4 (2.5) | 2 (1.5) | |
| PSC | 13 (4.5) | 6 (3.8) | 7 (5.3) | |
| Eye | 6 (2.1) | 3 (1.9) | 3 (2.3) | |
| Other/more than 1 | 17 (5.8) | 5 (3.2) | 12 (9.1) | |
| Smoking habit, n (%) b | 0.44 | |||
| Never smoker | 133 (45.9) | 71 (45.2) | 62 (46.6) | |
| Former smoker | 44 (15.2) | 19 (12.1) | 25 (18.8) | |
| Active smoker | 16 (5.5) | 7 (4.5) | 9 (6.8) | |
| Comorbidities of interest, n (%) | 0.38 | |||
| Active cancer | 13 (4.5) | 7 (4.5) | 6 (4.5) | |
| Previous cancer | 11 (3.8) | 6 (3.8) | 5 (3.8) | |
| Heart failure | 8 (2.8) | 4 (2.5) | 4 (3) | |
| Neurological disease | 2 (0.7) | 1 (0.6) | 1 (0.8) | |
| High risk of tuberculosis | 8 (2.8) | 5 (3.2) | 3 (2.3) | |
| Advanced liver disease | 7 (2.4) | 1 (0.6) | 6 (4.5) | |
| Previous biologic/small molecules, n (%) c | ||||
| None | 184 (63.7) | 110 (70.5) | 74 (55.6) | 0.009 |
| Anti-TNF (infliximab, golimumab, adalimumab) | 97 (33.5) | 43 (27.4) | 54 (40.6) | 0.019 |
| Tofacitinib | 14 (4.8) | 6 (3.8) | 8 (6) | 0.39 |
| Ustekinumab | 4 (1.4) | 0 | 4 (3.2) | 0.029 |
| Number of previous biologic/small molecules, n (%) c | ||||
| None | 184 (63.7) | 110 (70.5) | 74 (55.6) | 0.005 |
| One | 81 (28) | 38 (24.2) | 43 (32.3) | 0.13 |
| Two or more | 24 (8.3) | 8 (5.1) | 16 (12) | 0.034 |
| Concomitant immunomodulation at VDZ prescription, n (%) d | 0.43 | |||
| None | 224 (78.6) | 123 (80.4) | 101 (75.9) | |
| Thiopurines (AZA, Mercaptopurine) | 57 (20) | 28 (18.3) | 29 (22) | |
| Methotrexate | 4 (1.4) | 2 (1.4) | 2 (1.5) | |
| Concomitant steroids at VDZ prescription, n (%) e | 173 (60.7) | 83 (52.9) | 91 (68.9) | 0.015 |
| Baseline partial Mayo ⩾2, n (%) e | 226 (79.6) | 113 (72) | 113 (85) | 0.019 |
| Baseline CRP >5 mg/L, n (%) f | 119 (41.6%) | 65 (41.4) | 54 (40.9) | 0.78 |
| Baseline FC ⩾ 250 µg/g, n (%) g | 201 (84.5%) | 99 (83.2) | 102 (85.7) | 0.59 |
| Baseline albumin <36 g/L, n (%) h | 85 (31.3%) | 44 (29.9) | 41 (30.8) | 0.64 |
a
Missing data n = 45.
b
Missing data n = 96.
c
Missing data n = 1.
d
Missing data n = 5.
e
Missing data n = 6.
f
Missing data n = 3.
g
Missing data n = 52.
h
Missing data n = 17.
Anti-TNF, anti-tumour necrosis factor; AZA, Azathioprine; BMI, body mass index; CRP, C-reactive protein; FC, faecal calprotectin; PSC, Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis; IBDU, inflammatory bowel disease-unclassified; IQR, interquartile range; VDZ, vedolizumab.