Figure 6.

Candidate genes for regulation of the immunomodulatory capacity of MSCs and Clec4e, Gbp6, and Cxcl10 are involved in the inflammatory process and bone healing of the tooth extraction socket. (A) Representative images of immunofluorescence Clec4e and Gbp6 staining in tooth extraction models and quantification of the mean positive cell numbers of Clec4e and Gbp6 staining per total tooth socket area. Low-magnification images are shown, and the dotted line-bound area indicates the extracted tooth socket area. Scale bar: 100 μm. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison method. n = 3–5. (B) Quantification of relative mRNA levels (fold-change) of Ccl2, Mmp3, Ccl5, Cxcl1, Gbp6, Cxcl10, Cfb, Ifi205, Clec4e, Gbp5, Cxcl5, H2-M2, Ccl20, Cxcl9, and Nos2 after induction of osteogenic differentiation in isolated MSCs. MSCs cultured in basal medium were used as controls. Statistical analyses were performed using 2-tailed unpaired t-tests. n = 9. (C) Quantification of the relative mRNA levels (fold-change) of Runx2 and Osterix after siRNA transfection of Clec4e, Gbp6, and Cxcl10. Osteogenic differentiated MSCs without transfection as controls. Statistical analyses were performed using an ordinary one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison method. n = 9.