Table 4.
Predictive value of malnutrition indices for long-term clinical worsening
| Unadjusted | Model 1a | Model 2b | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | |
| GNRI | ||||||
| Per 1-SD increasement | 0.827 (0.702, 0.975) | 0.024 | 0.861 (0.723, 1.025) | 0.0917 | 0.964 (0.807, 1.150) | 0.681 |
| Normal | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | |||
| Mild | 1.068 (0.704, 1.620) | 0.758 | 1.006 (0.655, 1.548) | 0.977 | 0.762 (0.479, 1.210) | 0.249 |
| Moderate-Severe | 1.822 (1.092, 3.041) | 0.022 | 1.622 (0.939, 2.800) | 0.083 | 1.162 (0.654, 2.062) | 0.609 |
| PNI | ||||||
| Per 1-SD increasement | 0.835 (0.710, 0.982) | 0.029 | 0.858 (0.726, 1.015) | 0.073 | 0.934 (0.785, 1.110) | 0.436 |
| Normal | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | |||
| Malnutrition | 0.955 (0.547, 1.668) | 0.873 | 0.788 (0.445, 1.395) | 0.414 | 0.586 (0.32, 1.073) | 0.083 |
| CONUT | ||||||
| Per 1-SD increasement | 1.480 (1.285, 1.705) | < 0.001 | 1.489 (1.286, 1.723) | < 0.001 | 1.363 (1.147, 1.619) | < 0.001 |
| Normal | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | |||
| Mild | 3.550 (1.738, 7.252) | < 0.001 | 3.699 (1.800, 7.602) | < 0.001 | 2.817 (1.356, 5.851) | 0.006 |
| Moderate-Severe | 5.142 (2.147, 12.317) | < 0.001 | 4.973 (2.062, 11.992) | < 0.001 | 3.000 (1.158, 7.770) | 0.024 |
aModel 1: Adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, and BMI (Categorical)
bModel 2: Adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, BMI (Categorical), WHO-FC, 6MWD, ln (NT-proBNP), PAH specific medication, SVO2, cardiac index and PVR
CI confidence interval, CONUT controlling nutritional status, GNRI geriatric nutritional risk index, HR hazard ratio, ln logarithmically transformed, NT-proBNP N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, 6MWD 6-min walk distance, PAH pulmonary arterial hypertension, PNI prognostic nutritional index, PVR pulmonary vascular resistance, SvO2 mixed venous oxygen saturation, WHO-FC World Health Organization functional class