Table 2. Factors affecting treatment responses.
| Factors | Treatment response | p-value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NR | MR | PR | CR | |||
| Gender | 0.119 | |||||
| Male | 52 (37.4) | 29 (48.3) | 98 (50.5) | 9 (47.4) | ||
| Female | 87 (62.6) | 31 (51.7) | 96 (49.5) | 10 (52.6) | ||
| Onset | 0.100 | |||||
| Childhood onset (<18 yr) | 48 (34.5) | 14 (23.3) | 44 (22.7) | 5 (26.3) | ||
| Adult onset (≥18 yr) | 91 (65.5) | 46 (76.7) | 150 (77.3) | 14 (73.7) | ||
| Disease duration | 0.970 | |||||
| <2 yr | 31 (22.3) | 13 (21.7) | 39 (20.1) | 4 (21.1) | ||
| ≥2 yr | 108 (77.7) | 47 (78.3) | 155 (79.9) | 15 (78.9) | ||
| Comorbidity | 0.034 | |||||
| Atopy (AD, AR, BA) | 35 (25.2) | 13 (21.7) | 39 (20.1) | 0 (0) | ||
| Thyroid | 7 (5.0) | 1 (1.7) | 2 (1.0) | 0 (0) | ||
| No | 97 (69.8) | 46 (76.7) | 153 (78.9) | 19 (100) | ||
| Family history of AA | 0.252 | |||||
| Yes | 23 (16.5) | 10 (16.7) | 19 (9.8) | 2 (10.5) | ||
| No | 116 (83.5) | 50 (83.3) | 175 (90.2) | 17 (89.5) | ||
| Period from diagnosis to DPCP treatment | 0.624 | |||||
| <1 yr | 69 (49.6) | 33 (55.0) | 95 (49.0) | 12 (63.2) | ||
| 1–2 yr | 17 (12.2) | 10 (16.7) | 39 (20.1) | 2 (10.5) | ||
| 2–3 yr | 19 (13.7) | 7 (11.7) | 23 (11.9) | 1 (5.3) | ||
| >3 yr | 34 (24.5) | 10 (16.7) | 37 (19.1) | 4 (21.1) | ||
| Treatment duration | <0.001 | |||||
| <1 yr | 74 (53.2) | 23 (38.3) | 53 (27.3) | 2 (10.5) | ||
| 1–2 yr | 26 (18.7) | 7 (11.7) | 43 (22.2) | 7 (36.8) | ||
| 2–3 yr | 14 (10.1) | 9 (15.0) | 27 (13.9) | 5 (26.3) | ||
| >3 yr | 25 (18.0) | 21 (35.0) | 71 (36.6) | 5 (26.3) | ||
| Treatment interval | 0.012 | |||||
| 1 wk | 79 (56.8) | 34 (56.7) | 111 (57.2) | 4 (21.1) | ||
| 2 wk | 31 (22.3) | 18 (30.0) | 41 (21.1) | 5 (26.3) | ||
| >2 wk | 29 (20.9) | 8 (13.3) | 42 (21.6) | 10 (52.6) | ||
| Nail change | 0.081 | |||||
| Yes | 23 (16.5) | 5 (8.3) | 20 (10.3) | 0 (0) | ||
| No | 116 (83.5) | 55 (91.7) | 174 (89.7) | 19 (100) | ||
| Application method | 0.002 | |||||
| Limited AA lesion | 23 (16.5) | 7 (11.7) | 13 (6.7) | 1 (5.3) | ||
| Whole AA lesion | 61 (43.9) | 23 (38.3) | 60 (30.9) | 6 (31.6) | ||
| Entire scalp | 55 (39.6) | 30 (50.0) | 121 (62.4) | 12 (63.2) | ||
| Initial SALT | 0.031 | |||||
| S0–S2 | 42 (30.2) | 21 (35.0) | 58 (29.9) | 6 (31.6) | ||
| S3–S4 | 65 (46.8) | 36 (60.0) | 112 (57.7) | 9 (47.4) | ||
| S5 | 32 (23.0) | 3 (5.0) | 24 (12.4) | 4 (21.1) | ||
| Adverse reaction | 0.776 | |||||
| Systemic | 13 (9.4) | 8 (13.3) | 21 (10.8) | 3 (15.8) | ||
| Localized | 46 (33.1) | 20 (33.3) | 75 (38.7) | 8 (42.1) | ||
| None | 80 (57.6) | 32 (53.3) | 98 (50.5) | 8 (42.1) | ||
Values are presented as number (%). Bold indicates statistical significance.
NR: no reponse, 0%–24% improvement, MR: minimal response, 25%–49% improvement, PR: partial response, 50%–99% improvement, CR: complete response, 100% improvement, AD: atopic dermatitis, AR: allergic rhinitis, BA: bronchial asthma, AA: alopecia areata, DPCP: diphenylcyclopropenone, SALT: Severity of Alopecia Tool.