Extended Data Fig. 2. Materials ranking for LCA-KPIs for cement in the UK with TVSA process at 0.6 bar.

(a) The materials that are colored red have a Climate Change KPI larger than 1, which implies that the total CO₂-eq. emissions of the capture plant using this material are larger than the amount of CO₂ that is captured. Note that we changed nCAC to the Carbon Capture Cost (CCC) (see Supplementary Information Section 6.3.6) because the nCAC is not defined for these materials. (b) Material ranking for all 16 main LCA KPIs: Climate Change (CC), Water Use (WU), Energy Resources: Non-Renewable (ER:NR), Material Resources: Metals/Minerals (MR:MM), Land Use (LU), Acidification (A), Ecotoxicity: Freshwater (EcoT:F), Eutrophication: Freshwater (Eut:F), Eutrophication: Marine (Eut:M), Eutrophication: Terrestrial (Eut:T), Human Toxicity: Carcinogenic (HT:C), Human Toxicity: Non-Carcinogenic (HT:NC), Particulate Matter Formation (PMF), Ozone Depletion (OD), Photochemical Ozone Formation: Human Health (POF:HH), and Ionising Radiation: Human Health (IR:HH). The blue lines show the top 20 materials for the nCAC; the one material showing significant environmental hotspots in 10/16 impact categories contains silver).