Figure 11.
STAT6 can up-regulate transcription of SPEM-related genes and the protein expression of ATF3. (A) Consensus sequence of the DNA motif recognized by STAT6. (B) Positions (P1-P4) of the STAT6 biding sites predicted with the JASPAR database.42 These sites were located upstream -2000 base pairs of the Transcription Start Site (TSS) of SPEM-related genes including Muc6, Tff2, Gkn3, Cd44, He4, and Atf3. (C) Quantitative RT-PCR showing the relative expression levels of SPEM-related genes (Muc6, Tff2, Gkn3, Cd44v9, and He4). Mean ± SD (n = 4 independent experiments). ∗P < .05. (D) Immunoblotting shows significant up-regulation of ATF3 protein in Meta1 gastroids treated with rIL-13 compared with vehicle (BSA). Mean ± SD (N = 3 independent experiments). ∗∗P < .01.