TABLE 4.
Primary and Secondary Outcome Comparisons Between Health Insurance Navigation Tools Treatment Arms
| Primary and Secondary Outcomes | Intervention | Control | Effect Size (95% CI)b | Multivariable Regressionc | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BL (n = 41) | FU (n = 37) | Changea | BL (n = 41) | FU (n = 40) | Changea | Coefficient and 95% CI | P | ||
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | ||||
| Health insurance literacyd | 29.2 (9.7) | 19.8 (5.1) | −9.1 (7.6) | 27.8 (8.3) | 26.1 (7.7) | −1.8 (7.9) | 0.94 (0.47 to 1.41) | −7.6 (−4.1 to −11.1) | <.001 |
| Satisfaction with health insurance coveragee | 2.8 (1.0) | 2.2 (1.1) | −0.7 (1.2) | 2.3 (0.9) | 2.3 (1.1) | −0.1 (1.0) | 0.55 (0.09 to 0.99) | −0.57 (−0.5 to −1.1) | .03 |
| Psychological financial hardshipf | 1.7 (2.2) | 1.2 (1.9) | −0.7 (1.6) | 1.0 (1.6) | 1.2 (1.9) | 0.2 (1.2) | 0.64 (0.18 to 1.10) | −0.9 (−1.6 to −0.3) | <.006 |
| Behavioral financial hardshipg | 1.8 (2.5) | 1.3 (2.2) | −0.7 (1.7) | 1.8 (2.3) | 1.3 (2.0) | −0.5 (2.2) | 0.10 (−0.33 to 0.55) | −0.2 (−1.0 to 0.7) | .73 |
| ACA provisionsh | 3.2 (1.7) | 5.1 (1.2) | −1.7 (1.7) | 3.6 (1.4) | 4.0 (1.6) | −0.5 (1.6) | 0.73 (0.26 to 1.19) | −1.2 (0.4 to 2.0) | .003 |
Abbreviations: ACA, Affordable Care Act; BL, baseline; FU, follow-up.
a
Mean change calculated among sample with complete data.
b
Effect sizes calculated from Cohen’s d statistic.
c
Multivariable regression adjusted for sex, age, and Medicaid expansion status.
d
Health insurance literacy range = 16-64; lower scores are better.
e
Satisfaction with current health insurance coverage rating = 1 = excellent, to 5 = poor; lower scores are better.
f
Psychological financial hardship range = 0-6; lower scores are better.
g
Behavioral financial hardship range = 0-8; lower scores are better.
h
ACA provisions range = 0-6; higher scores are better.