Figure 3.

Effects on Aβ40 (20 μM) aggregation and fibril binding of standard EVOO phenolic compounds. (a) ThT analysis of Aβ40 aggregation kinetics, alone and in the presence of equimolar concentrations of individual polyphenols (chemical structures shown above). Means are shown of n = 3 measurements per group. (b) ThT analysis of Aβ40 aggregation, alone and in the presence of equimolar oleuropein aglycone and oleuropein glucoside. (c) ThT analysis of Aβ40 aggregation, in the presence of equimolar oleuropein aglycone (left) and caffeic acid (right) in the absence (black) and presence (red) of 20 μM naringenin. Red arrows indicate the increase in t_1/2 in the presence of naringenin. (d) HPLC analysis of caffeic acid binding to Aβ40 fibrils in the absence and presence of naringenin (further details are given in the main text).