Table 2.
Descriptive Statistics for Study Predictors and Outcomes
| Non-Hispanic Whites | African Americans | Hispanics/Latinos | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Range | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |
| PWD | ||||
| Cognitive status | 0–30 | 11.61 (7.38) | 12.62 (7.68) | 12.78 (6.92) |
| Functional impairment | 0–14 | 10.43 (2.80) | 10.39 (2.84) | 9.63 (3.39) |
| Number of problem behaviors | 0–24 | 10.56 (4.11) | 10.70 (4.04) | 10.67 (3.83) |
| Pain n (%) | - | 22 (11.11) | 30 (17.05) | 17 (10.06) |
| Caregiver | ||||
| Self-reported health | ||||
| Overall current | 0–4 | 2.10 (1.01) | 2.06 (1.05) | 2.24 (1.08) |
| Current versus 6 months previous | 0–4 | 2.06 (0.81) | 2.10 (0.91) | 2.27 (0.84) |
| Depression | 0–60 | 9.58 (6.35) | 9.66 (6.41) | 10.75 (6.58) |
| Burden | 0–48 | 16.88 (8.67) | 17.03 (8.73) | 17.81 (9.11) |
| Daily care bother | 0–4 | 0.73 (0.76) | 0.81 (0.83) | 0.76 (0.77) |
| Problem behavior bother | 0–4 | 1.42 (0.89) | 1.56 (0.93) | 1.44 (0.88) |
| Problem behavior confidence | 0–4 | 2.19 (0.90) | 2.04 (0.93) | 1.91 (0.93) |
| Mastery | 0–6 | 5.93 (2.70) | 6.32 (2.96) | 5.65 (2.94) |
| Vigilance | 0–24 | 18.86 (6.70) | 19.82 (6.24) | 19.33 (6.95) |
| Positive aspects of caregiving | 0–36 | 24.74 (8.93) | 26.09 (8.82) | 26.08 (8.70) |
| Spiritual/religious coping | 0–18 | 15.22 (3.20) | 15.13 (3.39) | 13.95 (3.81) |
| Social Network | ||||
| Size | 0–10 | 6.70 (2.31) | 6.63 (2.28) | 5.90 (2.29) |
| Social support satisfaction | 0–9 | 5.31 (2.58) | 5.51 (2.86) | 4.17 (2.82) |
| Negative social interaction | 0–12 | 2.71 (2.57) | 2.93 (3.03) | 3.07 (2.78) |
| Dementia knowledge | 0–4 | 2.93 (1.30) | 2.24 (1.26) | 1.90 (1.35) |
| Outcomes, n (%) | ||||
| Anxiolytics† | - | 28 (13.93) | 41 (23.30) | 22 (12.94) |
| Antipsychotics† | - | 65 (32.34) | 46 (26.14) | 36 (21.18) |
| Antidepressants | - | 77 (38.31) | 73 (39.77) | 54 (31.76) |
†
p≤0.05 for chi-square test of homogeneity
§
p≤0.05 for ANOVA