Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants with different H. pylori infection status
| Overall (n = 2187) | Hp negative (n = 1250) | Hp positive (n = 937) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 46.39 (20.01) | 43.36 (19.88) | 50.44 (19.48) | < 0.001 |
| Sex (male %) | 1033 (47.2) | 567 (45.4) | 466 (49.7) | 0.047 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.90 (6.13) | 27.73 (6.28) | 28.14 (5.93) | 0.121 |
| Race (%) | < 0.001 | |||
| Mexican American | 635 (29.0) | 226 (18.1) | 409 (43.6) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 419 (19.2) | 203 (16.2) | 216 (23.1) | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 926 (42.3) | 724 (57.9) | 202 (21.6) | |
| Other Hispanic | 148 (6.8) | 63 (5.0) | 85 (9.1) | |
| Other Race | 59 (2.7) | 34 (2.7) | 25 (2.7) | |
| Poverty income ratio | 2.56 (1.62) | 2.87 (1.64) | 2.12 (1.47) | < 0.001 |
| Education (%) | < 0.001 | |||
| High School | 513 (23.5) | 347 (27.8) | 166 (17.8) | |
| Less Than High School | 844 (38.7) | 302 (24.2) | 542 (58.2) | |
| More Than High School | 823 (37.8) | 599 (48.0) | 224 (24.0) | |
| Wasit (cm) | 95.18 (15.49) | 94.72 (15.99) | 95.81 (14.77) | 0.108 |
| Fasting insulin (uU/mL) | 13.97 (13.17) | 13.30 (10.67) | 14.87 (15.86) | 0.006 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 102.47 (34.89) | 98.88 (27.32) | 107.27 (42.51) | < 0.001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.48 (1.03) | 5.34 (0.81) | 5.68 (1.23) | < 0.001 |
| Total bilirubin (umol/L) | 9.75 (4.92) | 9.77 (5.45) | 9.73 (4.11) | 0.85 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.72 (0.45) | 0.73 (0.45) | 0.72 (0.45) | 0.578 |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 5.32 (1.50) | 5.27 (1.47) | 5.39 (1.54) | 0.077 |
| eGFR | 97.80 (24.48) | 98.79 (24.62) | 96.47 (24.25) | 0.029 |
| Fasting total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 201.35 (42.33) | 199.88 (41.92) | 203.31 (42.82) | 0.061 |
| Fasting triglyceride(mg/dL) | 143.57 (103.11) | 135.97 (91.96) | 153.72 (115.61) | < 0.001 |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 122.99 (35.37) | 122.18 (35.18) | 124.12 (35.62) | 0.232 |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 50.71 (14.91) | 51.64 (14.96) | 49.47 (14.75) | 0.001 |
| ASCVD = yes (%) | 167 (8.6) | 81 (7.4) | 86 (10.0) | 0.057 |
| Smoke (%) | 0.079 | |||
| Former | 536 (27.5) | 310 (28.5) | 226 (26.2) | |
| Never | 1014 (52.0) | 574 (52.8) | 440 (51.0) | |
| Now | 399 (20.5) | 203 (18.7) | 196 (22.7) | |
| Alcohol drink (%) | < 0.001 | |||
| Former | 378 (20.5) | 186 (17.9) | 192 (23.9) | |
| Heavy | 342 (18.5) | 186 (17.9) | 156 (19.5) | |
| Mild | 614 (33.3) | 377 (36.2) | 237 (29.6) | |
| Moderate | 256 (13.9) | 166 (15.9) | 90 (11.2) | |
| Never | 254 (13.8) | 127 (12.2) | 127 (15.8) | |
| Hypertension (%) | 809 (37.0) | 416 (33.3) | 393 (41.9) | < 0.001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 124.77 (20.79) | 122.11 (19.10) | 128.35 (22.37) | < 0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 70.45 (13.79) | 70.50 (12.53) | 70.40 (15.32) | 0.873 |
| Diabetes Mellitus (%) | 233 (11.3) | 98 (8.4) | 135 (15.0) | < 0.001 |
| Stroke = yes (%) | 64 (3.3) | 31 (2.8) | 33 (3.8) | 0.284 |
| TyG index | 8.70 (0.67) | 8.63 (0.63) | 8.79 (0.70) | < 0.001 |
Abbreviation: Helicobacter Pylori (Hp), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), body mass index (BMI), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), triglyceride-glucose (TyG).