Table 1.
Sociodemographic characteristics of the sample
| Variable | Median (Interquartile range)/n (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic characteristics | ||
| Age in years (n=998) | 32 (Range: 25-41) | |
| Years of education (n=998) | 12 (Range: 8-15) | |
| Gender (n=998) | ||
| Male | 978 (98) | |
| Female | 13 (1.3) | |
| Others/Unknown | 7 (0.7) | |
| Indigenous population (n=998) | ||
| No | 801 (80.3) | |
| Yes | 151 (15.1) | |
| Not known | 46 (4.6) | |
| Marital status (n=998) | ||
| Married | 604 (60.5) | |
| Not married | 393 (39.4) | |
| Unknown | 1 (0.1) | |
| Employment status (n=998) | ||
| Employed | 816 (81.9) | |
| Unemployed | 181 (18.1) | |
| Missing | 1 (0.1) | |
| Locality (n=980) | ||
| Rural | 493 (49.4) | |
| Urban | 487 (48.8) | |
| Socioeconomic state (n=884) | ||
| Lower middle | 52 (5.9) | |
| Middle | 185 (20.9) | |
| Upper middle | 589 (66.6) | |
| Upper | 58 (6.6) | |
| Religion (n=998) | ||
| Hindu | 752 (75.4) | |
| Islam | 89 (8.9) | |
| Sikh | 128 (12.8) | |
| Others | 29 (2.9) | |
| Family type (n=998) | ||
| Nuclear | 487 (48.8) | |
| Joint/Extended | 501 (50.2) | |
| Others | 10 (1) | |
| Clinical characteristics | ||
| Duration of use (months) (n=984) | 84 (36-180) | |
| Duration of dependence (months) (n=968) | 60 (24-120) | |
| How long ago did the first symptoms appear (n=984) | 54 (24-120) | |
| Primary substance (n=998) | ||
| Opioids | 569 (57) | |
| Alcohol | 372 (37.3) | |
| Cannabis | 26 (2.6) | |
| Tobacco | 25 (2.5) | |
| Others | 6 (0.6) | |
| Profile of active dependence | ||
| Opioids dependence | 528 (52.9) | |
| Tobacco dependence | 526 (52.7) | |
| Alcohol dependence | 383 (38.4) | |
| Cannabis dependence | 171 (17.1) | |
| Number of substances to which patient was dependent in lifetime (n=982) | ||
| Single | 381 (38.8) | |
| Two | 466 (47.5) | |
| Three or more | 135 (13.7) | |
| Medical comorbidity and blood borne infections | ||
| Single med comorbidity | 134 (13.4) | |
| Multiple med comorbidity | 37 (3.7) | |
| HIV | 4 (0.4) | |
| HBV | 4 (0.4) | |
| HCV | 28 (2.8) | |
| Emergency reception visit (n=998) | ||
| Yes | 112 (11.2) | |
| No/Not known | 886 (88.8) | |
| Conflict with law (n=998) | ||
| Yes | 48 (4.8) | |
| No/Not known | 950 (95.2) | |
| First symptom | ||
| Compulsion | 573 (57.4) | |
| Tolerance | 202 (20.2) | |
| Withdrawal | 201 (20.1) | |
| Loss of control | 163 (16.3) | |
| Neglect | 16 (1.6) | |
| Use despite harm | 36 (3.6) |