Figure 10.

Overexpression of forkhead box O1 partially rescues the impaired decidualization caused by knockdown of monoamine oxidase or treatment with serotonin. (A–C) Real-time PCR analysis of the PRL, IGFBP1, and FOXO1 transcriptional expression levels in hESCs after transfection with siNC, siMAOA, or siMAOB and infection with Ad-FOXO1 or Ad-lacZ for 2 days followed by stimulation with 8-Br-cAMP and MPA for 3 days (n=3, *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001, statistically significant by Student’s t-test). (D–F) Real-time PCR analysis of the PRL, IGFBP1, and FOXO1 transcriptional expression levels in hESCs after infection with Ad-FOXO1 or Ad-lacZ for 2 days followed by treatment with 30 μM serotonin and stimulation with 8-Br-cAMP and MPA for 3 days (n=3, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001, ****P<0.0001, statistically significant by Student’s t-test). (G) Adenovirus was injected into the bilateral uterine horns of mice at dpc1.5 to knockdown MAOA or overexpress FOXO1. Chicago blue dye was injected into the tail vein at dpc4.5 to observe the embryo implantation sites. Representative images of embryo implantation sites in the uteri at dpc4.5 from the control group, the shMAOA group, and the shMAOA+Ad-FOXO1 group. Arrow shows embryo implantation site visualized by Chicago Blue dye (bar=1 cm). (H) The average number of embryo implantation sites among different groups (n=5, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001, statistically significant by Student’s t-test). (I) The protein expression levels of MAOA and FOXO1 in uteri at dpc4.5 from the control group, the shMAOA group, and the shMAOA+Ad-FOXO1 group. PRL, prolactin; IGFBP1, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1; FOXO1, forkhead box O1; hESCs, human endometrial stromal cells; MAOA, monoamine oxidase A; MAOB, monoamine oxidase B; 8Br-cAMP, 8-bromoadenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate; MPA, medroxyprogesterone acetate; Ad-FOXO1, adenovirus overexpressing FOXO1; Ad-lacZ, control adenovirus; dpc1.5/dpc4.5, 1.5/4.5 days post-coitum.