Table 3.
Action strategies used by commercial actors during lobbying activities in Chile between 2014 and 2022.
| Strategies | Mechanisms | Number of meetings |
|---|---|---|
| Access and influence policymaking | Access policymakers and policy spaces | 37 |
| Attempt to influence policy processes and outcomes | 83 | |
| Manage policy venues | – | |
| Use the law to obstruct policies | Use legal challenges to policy pre- and post-adoption | 1 |
| Use the law to undermine policy-making/public health community | – | |
| Manufacture public support for corporate positions | Coordinate and manage industry strategies | – |
| Form business alliances | 15 | |
| Secure support beyond business | 7 | |
| Fabricate allies | – | |
| Operate through third parties | 4 | |
| Maximise corporate–favourable media content | – | |
| Shape evidence to manufacture doubt | Undermine and marginalise unfavourable research/information | – |
| Produce or sponsor favourable research/information | 16 | |
| Amplify and blend corporate favourable evidence into public record and discourse | 1 | |
| Displace and usurp public health | Undermine the rationale for statutory policies on corporate practices | 3 |
| Deliver individual-level interventions | 30 | |
| Promote ‘harm reduction’ as public health goal | – | |
| Deliver education and training to public health professionals | – | |
| Weaken the public health community | – | |
| Manage reputations to corporate advantage | Repair and nurture corporate reputations | 115 |
| Discredit public health community | – |