Table 2.
Demographic, tremor characterization, risk factors and prodromic markers for PDD: comparison between ET-RBD, ET-nonRBD and iRBD patients.
| ET-RBD (n = 5) | ET-nonRBD (n = 55) | ET-nonRBD vs ET-RBD p | iRBD (n = 12) | ET-RBD vs iRBD p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yrs) | 74.60 (3.2) | 73.45 (1.2) | 0.846 | 73.50 (2.4) | 0.879 |
| Sex (m) | 3 (60.0) | 30 (56.6) | 1.000 | 11 (91.7) | 0.191 |
| MoCA | 17.20 (2.6) | 21.28 (0.8) | 0.142 | 21.08 (1.2) | 0.279 |
| Tremor characterization | |||||
| Age of tremor onset (yrs) | 62.00 (9.6) | 58.69 (2.2) | 0.711 | ||
| Tremor duration (yrs) | 12.00 (4.5) | 14.58 (1.7) | 0.909 | ||
| ET-Plus | 0 | 17 (30.9) | 1.000 | ||
| TETRAS ADL | 18.60 (1.5) | 15.09 (1.0) | 0.209 | ||
| TETRAS Performance | 18.40 (1.9) | 18.64 (1.0) | 0.209 | ||
| TETRAS total | 37.00 (2.1) | 33.82 (1.7) | 0.900 | ||
| Activation conditions | 0.109 | ||||
| kinetic | 1(20.0) | 2(3.6) | |||
| postural | 2(40.0) | 10(18.2) | |||
| both | 2(20.0) | 43(78.2) | |||
| Symmetry (assymmetric) | 3 (60.0) | 17 (30.9) | 0.322 | ||
| Tremor in locations other than hands | 2 (40.0) | 2 (40.0) | 0.677 | ||
| Rest tremor component | 1 (20.0) | 19 (34.5) | 0.656 | ||
| PPD Risk factors | |||||
| Male sex | 3 (60.0) | 30 (56.6.2) | 1.000 | 11 (91.7) | 0.191 |
| Pesticide exposure | 0 | 4 (7.3) | 1.000 | 3 (25.0) | 0.324 |
| Solvent exposure | 1 (20.0) | 10 (18.2) | 1.000 | 5 (41.7) | 0.600 |
| Low cafeíne exposure | 2 (40.0) | 13 (23.6) | 0.591 | 3 (25.0) | 0.516 |
| Smocking | |||||
| Actual | 0 | 5 (9.1) | 1.000 | 12 (100) | 1.000 |
| Never | 1 (20.0) | 17 (30.9) | 1.000 | 3 (25.0) | 1.000 |
| Past only | 0 | 24 (43.6) | 1.000 | 0 | |
| Sibling with DP before 50 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Other first degree relative | 0 | 2 (3.6) | 1.000 | 0 | |
| Prodromal markers | |||||
| RBD – PSG | 5 (100) | 0 | a) | 12 (100) | a) |
| RBD – Questionnaire | 5 (100) | 2 (3.6)b) | <0.001 | ||
| DaT-Scan | 3 in 5(60.0)c) | 2 in 7(28.6)c) | 0.558 | 3 in 3 (100) | 0.464 |
| UPDRS III >3 | 1 (20.0) | 19 (34.5) | 0.656 | 2 (16.7) | 0.676 |
| Constipation (UMSARS >1) | 2 (40.0) | 9 (16.4) | 0.224 | 4 (33.3) | 1.000 |
| Erectile dysfunction (UMSARS >2) | 1 in 3 (33.3)d) | 7 in 30(22.6)d) | 1.000 | 3 in 10(30.0 %)d) | 0.689 |
| Ortostatic hypotension | 1 (20.0) | 2 (3.6) | 0.233 | 1 (8.3) | 0.515 |
| Excessive daytime sleepiness (ESS >9) | 0 | 7 (12.7) | 1.000 | 2 (16.7) | 0.485 |
| Depression (BDI>13) | 2 (40.0) | 5 (9.1) | 0.099 | 3 (25.0) | 0.600 |
| Patients with PPD | 3 (60.0) | 1 (1.8) | 0.001 | 8 (66.7) | 1.000 |
a)
Values not presented, as per definition, all ET-RBD and iRBD patients had PSG criteria for RBD and none of the ET-nonRBD had.
b)
Two patients had positive questionnaires but were confirmed as negative for RBD by PSG. The RBD-PSG criterion was used in these two cases.
c)
DaT-Scan was performed only if clinically indicated (12 cases).
d)
This percentage refers to a population of 35 male patients.