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(A) Preoperative hydromorphone use and reoperation rates after lumbar decompression/discectomy. (B) Preoperative oxycodone use and reoperation rates after lumbar decompression/discectomy. (C) Preoperative hydrocodone use and reoperation rates after lumbar decompression/discectomy. (D) Preoperative tramadol use and reoperation rates after lumbar decompression/discectomy. (E) Preoperative ER oxycodone use and reoperation rates after lumbar decompression/discectomy.
