Table 1.

PPMI cohort characterisation

	Control (N = 170)	sPD (N = 371)	LRRK2-PD (N = 116)
Sex (Male)	94 (55.3%)	224 (60.4%)	71 (61.2%)
Age (Mean (SD))	60.9 (0.8)	61.3 (0.5)	63.1 (0.8)
Ethnicity (White)	160 (94.1%)	360 (97.0%)	108 (93.1%)
MDS-UPDRS III	–	21.1 (0.5)	20.1 (0.9)
LRRK2-G2019S carrier	–	–	100 (86.2%)
LRRK2-R1441C/G carrier	–	–	16 (13.8%)

Note: Movement disability for the sPD and LRRK2-PD cases was evaluated via MDS-UPDRS III (Score range: 0–132; 32 and below is mild, 59 and above is severe)^53,54. T-test showed there was no significant difference in MDS-UPDRS III scores between the sPD and LRRK2-PD cases.