Fig. 4. Genotoxicity assessment in vitro and in vivo.

a Real-time PCR for quantification of DNA-damage sensors expression levels following exposure to nanoalgosomes (2 µg/mL for 24 h in 1-7 HB2 cells). Fold-changes were normalized with β-actin expression and given as relative to control. Each experiment was performed in triplicate (n = 3 biologically independent samples). By One-way ANOVA differences of treated cells were determined not statistically significant (ns) when compared with the control (p > 0.05). b Quantification of SYTO12 positive apoptotic corpses in the C. elegans germline after treatment with mock (PBS), Doxo (doxorubicin 2.4 μM), and nanoalgosomes (20 µg/mL). Bars represent means and dots the single animals; error bar is the SEM. n is the number of animals analyzed. Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA was used to assess the statistical significance of the differences: mock vs nanoalgosomes ns=not significant (p > 0.7); mock vs Doxo****, p < 0.0001.