FIGURE 2.

Mitochondrial localization and synaptic plasticity. At the presynaptic level, BDNF‐induced TrkB signaling stops the transport of mitochondria along the axons and promotes their docking at presynaptic sites by a Ca²⁺‐dependent mechanism involving the adaptor protein Miro1. The signaling mechanism operating downstream of TrkB receptors to regulate the transport of mitochondria is mediated by an increase in the [Ca²⁺] I through PI3K and PLC‐ɣ signaling pathways. Additionally, BDNF‐signaling controls mitochondrial transport and localization. More mitochondria build up at presynaptic sites due to the BDNF‐induced mitochondrial halting, followed by improved synaptic transmission. At the postsynaptic level, BDNF induces the delivery of AMPA and NMDA receptors to the synapse.