Table 3. Omega-6-Derived Oxylipins from M. gaditana, T. lutea, P. tricornutum, and P. cruentum after Ultrasound-Assisted Extractiona.
concentration (μg/g) |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
precursor fatty acid | free oxylipin | M. gaditana | T. lutea | P. tricornutum | P. cruentum |
ARA | 5-HETE | 124.9 ± 60.8b | 1.4 ± 0.8c | 53.2 ± 15.7bc | 228.5 ± 70.1a |
8-HETE | 3.6 ± 2.4bc | 0.9 ± 0.6c | 39.6 ± 12.4b | 142.8 ± 36.7a | |
9-HETE/11-HETE | 3.9 ± 2.8b | 0.8 ± 0.5b | 41.9 ± 14.4b | 224.5 ± 61.6a | |
12-HETE | 10.8 ± 6.7b | 3.0 ± 1.9b | 147.6 ± 44.2b | 583.5 ± 160.6a | |
15-HETE | 4.5 ± 3.1b | 1.3 ± 0.9b | 65.5 ± 16.3b | 255.8 ± 64.2a | |
20-HETE | <LOD | <LOD | 62.4 ± 26.3b | 311.8 ± 80.0a | |
5-oxo-ETE | 6.0 ± 1.5b | <LOD | 39.3 ± 19.8b | 687.9 ± 240.5a | |
15-oxo-ETE | 4.6 ± 3.0b | <LOD | 55.9 ± 21.1b | 367.4 ± 89.6a | |
5,6-EpETrE | 0.2 ± 0.1b | <LOD | 0.6 ± 0.2b | 2.0 ± 0.6a | |
8,9-EpETrE/11,12-EpETrE | 2.5 ± 1.7b | <LOD | 26.0 ± 9.0b | 141.0 ± 38.7a | |
14,15-EpETrE | 2.6 ± 1.7b | <LOD | 40.1 ± 9.2b | 159.9 ± 40.5a | |
5,6-DiHETrE | <LOD | <LOD | 1.0 ± 0.2b | 4.4 ± 1.1a | |
11,12-DiHETrE | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | 1.6 ± 0.9 | |
14,15-DiHETrE | <LOD | 2.0 ± 0.9b | 2.2 ± 0.6b | 12.5 ± 2.1a | |
LXA4 | 7.1 ± 1.1b | 4.3 ± 2.5b | 199.9 ± 40.0a | 34.7 ± 17.5b | |
PGE2 | 2.3 ± 0.7bc | 1.1 ± 0.5c | 11.9 ± 1.1a | 53.0 ± 26.0ab | |
LA | 12,13-EpOME | 0.8 ± 0.5c | 20.4 ± 8.6b | 22.0 ± 6.6b | 38.7 ± 9.1a |
9,10-EpOME | 0.6 ± 0.4c | 14.2 ± 5.6b | 16.9 ± 5.5ab | 26.1 ± 6.3a | |
9,10-DiHOME | <LOD | 1.4 ± 0.7b | <LOD | 10.4 ± 6.6a | |
12,13-DiHOME | <LOD | 1.8 ± 0.9b | 3.7 ± 1.1b | 8.3 ± 1.7a | |
9-HODE | 5.0 ± 2.1c | 111.1 ± 44.2b | 124.8 ± 36.7ab | 186.0 ± 49.2a | |
13-HODE | 15.2 ± 6.9c | 336.1 ± 135.5b | 380.7 ± 93.9b | 639.8 ± 160.0a | |
9-oxo-ODE | 7.5 ± 3.2c | 69.7 ± 30.1b | 111.2 ± 31.8ab | 152.0 ± 41.1a | |
13-oxo-ODE | <LOD | 21.9 ± 10.1a | 13.6 ± 5.0a | 21.7 ± 5.5a | |
9,10,13-TriHOME | 5.5 ± 3.1b | 4.0 ± 1.5b | 27.6 ± 9.0a | 2.8 ± 1.1b | |
9,12,13-TriHOME | <LOD | 1.0 ± 0.2 | <LOD | <LOQ | |
Total HpOME | 18.3 ± 28.6b | 2.9 ± 1.1b | <LOD | 178.4 ± 85.4a | |
13-HpODE | 0.6 ± 0.7b | 0.1 ± 0.0b | <LOD | 5.4 ± 2.8a | |
9-HpOME | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | 0.3 ± 0.2 |
Data is shown as mean ± SD (n ≥ 3). Different lowercase letters (a, b, c) show statistically significant differences. ARA: arachidonic acid; LA: linoleic acid; HETE: hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid; Oxo-ETE: oxoeicosatetraenoic acid; EpETrE: epoxyeicosatrienoic acid; DiHETrE: dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid; LX: lipoxin; PG: prostaglandin; EpOME: epoxyoctadecenoic acid; HOME: hydroxyoctadecenoic acid; HODE: hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid; Oxo-ODE: oxooctadecadienoic acid; HpOME: hydroperoxyoctadecenoic acid; HpODE: hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid; LOD: limit of detection; LOQ: limit of quantification.